2007
DOI: 10.1080/13693780701644140
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Animal models: an important tool in mycology

Abstract: Animal models of fungal infections are, and will remain, a key tool in the advancement of the medical mycology. Many different types of animal models of fungal infection have been developed, with murine models the most frequently used, for studies of pathogenesis, virulence, immunology, diagnosis, and therapy. The ability to control numerous variables in performing the model allows us to mimic human disease states and quantitatively monitor the course of the disease. However, no single model can answer all que… Show more

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Cited by 76 publications
(75 citation statements)
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References 386 publications
(250 reference statements)
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“…Previous studies in this laboratory and elsewhere have used guinea pigs in their assessment of a variety of mycoses and therapies, including invasive aspergillosis (1,4,5,6,15). In addition to rabbits, which have also been used extensively in the field (3,8,23), this largeranimal model also provides a greater amount of solid organ tissues and other biological samples per animal compared to mice to investigate various aspects of IPA at a relatively lower cost than rabbits. Serial blood sampling from a single animal is an additional key feature of the model that enhances the monitoring of fungal surrogate markers throughout the course of infection (for example, GM and the 18S rRNA gene), as opposed to the murine model.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Previous studies in this laboratory and elsewhere have used guinea pigs in their assessment of a variety of mycoses and therapies, including invasive aspergillosis (1,4,5,6,15). In addition to rabbits, which have also been used extensively in the field (3,8,23), this largeranimal model also provides a greater amount of solid organ tissues and other biological samples per animal compared to mice to investigate various aspects of IPA at a relatively lower cost than rabbits. Serial blood sampling from a single animal is an additional key feature of the model that enhances the monitoring of fungal surrogate markers throughout the course of infection (for example, GM and the 18S rRNA gene), as opposed to the murine model.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These models have been used both to evaluate the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and to investigate the pathogenicity and virulence features of Aspergillus (2,5,12,14,23,30). These studies have historically used a variety of host animals, such as the persistently neutropenic rabbit model (3). However, species differences and model design parameters such as the route of infection, as well as the degree and type of immune system suppression, make comparison of in vivo studies difficult (4,6,15,22,26,29).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, screening of whole families of C. albicans genes for virulence-related properties using a mammalian model of infection, such as the mouse model, would pose issues both of ethics and of practical costs. A number of substitute, invertebrate models of microbial virulence more suitable for screening experiments have been developed, including the use of Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Galleria mellonella (10,18,35,41), silkworms (20), and locusts (32). The silkworm model of C. albicans infection has been used for the quantitative evaluation of antifungal agents, with results equivalent to those in a mouse model.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Animal models might therefore be useful for evaluating antifungal therapies (21,22). Our results demonstrate a low virulence of the two strains tested.…”
mentioning
confidence: 72%