Animal Models in Toxicologic Research: Nonhuman Primate

Chilton, Jennifer A.; Laing, Steven T.; Bradley, Alys

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821044-4.00014-5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Foci of foamy macrophages, often referred to as muciphages, may be present in the lamina propria and submucosa of the colon where they may identify regions of prior, minor inflammation (Figure 8). [22][23][24] The superficial mucosal epithelium is variably colonized by Helicobacter macacae (aka the blue brush border), which is often absent in cases of colitis (Figure 9). In addition, protozoa such as trichomonads (morphologically similar to those in the stomach; see Figure 4) and Balantidium coli are often present in low numbers within the colonic lumen or superficial glands of normal macaques (Figure 10).…”

Section: Normal Anatomy and Physiology Of The Macaque Gastrointestina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Not-So-Common Pathologic Findings of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaques

et al. 2022

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Rhesus and cynomolgus macaques are the most frequently used nonhuman primate (NHP) species for biomedical research and toxicology studies of novel therapeutics. In recent years, there has been a shortage of laboratory macaques due to a variety of competing factors. This was most recently exacerbated by the surge in NHP research required to address the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus 2 pandemic. Continued support of these important studies has required the use of more varied cohorts of macaques, including animals with different origins, increased exposure to naturally occurring pathogens, and a wider age range. Diarrhea and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are the most frequently occurring spontaneous findings in macaques of all origins and ages. The purpose of this review is to alert pathologists and scientists involved in NHP research to these findings and their impact on animal health and study endpoints, which may otherwise confound the interpretation of data generated using macaques.

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Section: Normal Anatomy and Physiology Of The Macaque Gastrointestina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Not-So-Common Pathologic Findings of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaques

et al. 2022

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“…35,36 Moreover, the molecular structures of many human-derived biomolecules render them active only in humans or closely related NHPs, and not in other test animals. 37 This ability for human-derived molecules to function in a test species is essential in assessing off-target effects related to the pharmacological activity of the test article, and for many biologics cannot be evaluated in animal species other than primates. 38 Second, NHPs possess neurobiological complexity equivalent to that of humans.…”

Section: Core Biological Considerations For Neurotoxicity Testing In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Society of Toxicologic Pathology Neuropathology Interest Group Article: Neuropathologic Findings in Nonhuman Primates Associated With Administration of Biomolecule-Based Test Articles

Bangari¹,

Lanigan

Goulet

et al. 2022

Toxicol Pathol

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The increasing specificity of novel druggable targets coupled with the complexity of emerging therapeutic modalities for treating human diseases has created a growing need for nonhuman primates (NHPs) as models for translational drug discovery and nonclinical safety assessment. In particular, NHPs are critical for investigating potential unexpected/undesired on-target and off-target liabilities associated with administration of candidate biotherapeutics (nucleic acids, proteins, viral gene therapy vectors, etc.) to treat nervous system disorders. Nervous system findings unique to or overrepresented in NHPs administered biomolecule-based (“biologic”) test articles include mononuclear cell infiltration in most neural tissues for all biomolecule classes as well as neuronal necrosis with glial cell proliferation in sensory ganglia for certain viral vectors. Such test article-related findings in NHPs often must be differentiated from procedural effects (e.g., local parenchymal or meningeal reactions associated with an injection site or implanted catheter to administer a test article directly into the central nervous system) or spontaneous background findings (e.g., neuronal autophagy in sensory ganglia).

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Animal Models in Toxicologic Research: Nonhuman Primate

Cited by 2 publications

References 148 publications

Common and Not-So-Common Pathologic Findings of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaques

Common and Not-So-Common Pathologic Findings of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaques

Society of Toxicologic Pathology Neuropathology Interest Group Article: Neuropathologic Findings in Nonhuman Primates Associated With Administration of Biomolecule-Based Test Articles

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