Animal models of diabetes mellitus: Physiology and pathology

Hye, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/0022-4804(83)90034-3

Cited by 142 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…6,7 Alloxan has shown to cause IDDM in dogs, cats, sheep, rabbits, mice, monkeys, fish, turtles and birds. 8 Only guinea pig is insensitive to the diabetogenic action of alloxan.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Alloxanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of influence of nicorandil on hypoglycemic action of glibenclamide in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Ahmed

2016

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…6,7 Alloxan has shown to cause IDDM in dogs, cats, sheep, rabbits, mice, monkeys, fish, turtles and birds. 8 Only guinea pig is insensitive to the diabetogenic action of alloxan.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Alloxanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of influence of nicorandil on hypoglycemic action of glibenclamide in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Ahmed

2016

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…Nicotinamide was dissolved in normal saline and streptozotocin (Himedia) was dissolved in 0.1 M citrated buffer (pH 4.5) immediately before use. Blood glucose was estimated after 7 d and the diabetic animals with glucose level4180 AE 8 mg/dl were only selected for the study (Bell & Hye, 1983;Masiello et al, 1998;Rerup, 1970).…”

Section: Induction Of Type-ii Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic activity of alkaloids ofAerva lanataroots on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-II diabetes in rats

Agrawal¹,

Sethiya²,

Mishra³

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: The roots of Aerva lanata Linn. (Amaranthaceae) (AL) are employed traditionally as an antihyperglycaemic in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Objective: The present investigation is focus for identification and isolation of the bioactive compound from methanol roots extract of AL against streptozocin-nicotinamide induced elevated serum glucose level in rats. Materials and methods: The methanol extract of the roots was fractionated using different solvents. The partially purified alkaloid basified toluene fraction (PPABTF) showed the presence of alkaloids. The fraction (10 and 20 mg/kg) was tested for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)-induced elevated serum glucose level in rats. The fraction was also subjected to high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) for the determination of content of individual alkaloids. Results: Single oral administration of PPABTF (10 and 20 mg/kg) after 20 h caused a significant (p50.01) reduction in the serum glucose level (mg/dl). On other hand, PPABTF normalised plasma glucose levels after 2 weeks of repeated oral administration in diabetic rats (p50.01). HPTLC analysis on PPABTF showed the presence of three known alkaloids. The fraction was further subjected to column chromatography and the compounds identified by ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance, as canthin-6-one derivatives. Conclusion and discussion: The PPABTF in the dose of 20 mg/kg showed significant effects on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-II NIDDM in rats. The activity may be due to the presence of alkaloids like canthin-6-one derivatives.

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“…Diabetes induction. Spontaneous type 1 diabetes has not been described in nonhuman primates (15). Therefore, we performed total pancreatectomy to induce diabetes (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Using the Nonhuman Primate (Rhesus) Model Predicts That the Portal Vein Is Superior to the Celiac Artery as the Islet Infusion Site

et al. 2002

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We've established a nonhuman primate islet allotransplant model to address questions such as whether transplanting islets into the gut's arterial system would more safely and as effectively support long-term islet allograft survival compared with the traditional portal vein approach. We reasoned that islets make up <2% of pancreatic cell mass but consume an estimated 20% of arterial blood flow, suggesting an advantage for the arterial site. Access to the arterial system is also easier and safer than the portal system. Pancreatectomized rhesus macaques were transplanted with allogeneic islets infused into either the portal vein (n ‫؍‬ 6) or the celiac artery (n ‫؍‬ 4). To prevent rejection, primates were given daclizumab, tacrolimus, and rapamycin. In five of six portal vein experiments, animals achieved normoglycemia without exogenous insulin. In contrast, none of the animals given intra-arterial islets showed even transient insulin independence (P ‫؍‬ 0.048). Two of the latter animals received a second islet transplant, this time to the portal system, and both achieved insulin independence. Thus, intraportal islet transplantation under conventional immunosuppression is feasible in primates and can result in long-term insulin independence when adequate immunosuppression is maintained. Arterial islet injection, however, does not appear to be a viable islet transplantation technique. Diabetes 51:2135-2140, 2002 T ype 1 diabetes results from the immune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic ␤-cells, located in cell clusters called the islets of Langerhans (1,2). The field of islet transplantation recently emerged as a promising way to restore patients with type 1 diabetes to insulin independence (3-5). Before islet transplantation can be developed as a clinically viable treatment for type 1 diabetes, however, important issues need be addressed. These include formulating guidelines to predict an appropriate islet dose, identifying reliable markers of islet quality, generating a renewable islet source, determining the best islet infusion site, promoting islet viability and growth, and improving ways to monitor and prevent rejection. We reasoned that many of these questions could best be addressed using a preclinical nonhuman primate model. Nonhuman primates are highly relevant because of their phylogenetic relationship to humans (6) and because many of the newer immunomodulatory agents (antibodies and receptor fusion proteins) are specific for human epitopes, many of which cross-react with the corresponding primate epitopes. (5,7,8).We sought to establish a nonhuman primate model to closely mimic a recently reported steroid-sparing regimen (5,9). Currently, isolated islets are transplanted in the clinical setting via a catheter percutaneously placed into the recipient's portal vein to the liver (5). We asked whether transplanting islets to an arterial bed (e.g., the celiac tree) versus the portal vein would more safely and as effectively support long-term islet allograft survival. We reasoned that b...

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Animal models of diabetes mellitus: Physiology and pathology

Cited by 142 publications

References 197 publications

Study of influence of nicorandil on hypoglycemic action of glibenclamide in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Study of influence of nicorandil on hypoglycemic action of glibenclamide in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Antidiabetic activity of alkaloids ofAerva lanataroots on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-II diabetes in rats

Pancreatic Islet Transplantation Using the Nonhuman Primate (Rhesus) Model Predicts That the Portal Vein Is Superior to the Celiac Artery as the Islet Infusion Site

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