Animal models of insulin resistance: A review

Abstract

Insulin resistance can be seen as a molecular and genetic mystery, with a role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a basis for a number of chronic diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular disease along with T2DM, thus the key is to cure and prevent insulin resistance. Critical perspicacity into the etiology of insulin resistance have been gained by the use of animal models where insulin action has been modulated by various transgenic and non-transgenic models which is not possible in human studies. The following review comprises the pathophysiology involved in insulin resistance, various factors causing insulin resistance, their screening and various genetic and non-genetic animal models highlighting the pathological and metabolic characteristics of each.

Dissecting copper homeostasis in diabetes mellitus

“…Animal models of T2D provide a useful tool to study this disorder, although they do not completely mimic the clinical aspects since they are all genetic models, both spontaneous and induced, in different species (to review see ref. ). Furthermore, a lack of information in some metabolic pathways or even contradictory effects described in different models implicate in a careful analysis of T2D.…”

Comparison of gene expression in cynomolgus monkeys with preclinical type II diabetes induced by different high energy diets

“…A significant positive correlation was detected between the saturated fatty acid and serum total cholesterol levels . Insufficient insulin secretion leads to blood lipid metabolism abnormalities and an increase in the CHO, and blood TG and LDL levels, which eventually cause a series of complications, such as cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis . The data from this study indicated that a glycolipid metabolism disorder occurred in three monkeys.…”

Резистентність До Інсуліну, Її Зв’язок З діастолічною Дисфункцією Лівого Шлуночка Та еластичністю Аорти У хворих З артеріальною Гіпертензією

“…На сьогодні методика оцінки вмісту інсуліну плазми крові міс-тить певні недоліки, оскільки для вивчення рівня базальної гіперінсулінемії відсутні загальноприйня-ті нормативні та порогові значення при поєднаному перебігу АГ та ЦД типу 2, а самі тести визначення базального інсуліну мають досить низьку відтворю-ваність [2,8].…”