Animal models of mpox virus infection and disease

Wei, Zhengkai; Zhao, Yicheng; Wang, Zedong; Sui, Liyan; Zhao, Yinghua; Liu, Quan

doi:10.1016/j.imj.2023.05.004

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The current outbreak is generally mild in severity, with symptoms typically resolving on their own after 2–4 weeks of bed rest and supportive treatment [9, 10]. In this case, the patient had initially mild symptoms that improved after treatment in the fourth week.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of severe monkeypox case with advanced HIV infection using plasma from smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population: A case report

Chen,

Yao,

Huang

et al. 2024

iLABMED

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Since the first reported case of monkeypox in the UK in May 2022, there has been an upward trend in monkeypox cases and a global outbreak. However, reports of severe cases are relatively limited. In this study, we report a case of severe monkeypox in a patient with HIV. The patient presented with skin lesions that started on his face and around the penis and persisted for several months. Throughout the course of the disease, he received systematic symptomatic supportive treatment, topical remedies, and special care for the rash. He also underwent cidofovir antiviral therapy and smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population‐derived plasma therapy in succession, with the condition ultimately showing improvement after plasma treatment. After more than 3 months of hospitalization, he fully recovered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported use of smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population‐derived plasma in the treatment of severe monkeypox cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of severe monkeypox case with advanced HIV infection using plasma from smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population: A case report

Chen,

Yao,

Huang

et al. 2024

iLABMED

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“…An ideal animal model for human diseases should exhibit the natural route of pathogen transmission, reproduce the disease with an infectious dose equivalent to that causing disease in humans; and demonstrate a disease course, morbidity, and mortality similar to that recorded in human cases [ 23 ]. NHPs, including MPXV, are ideal animal models for treating emerging and re-emerging diseases [ 10 ]. However, reports of suitable NHP models for the mpox outbreak of 2022 are lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal models provide a platform for identifying the disease pathogenesis of mpox, and they promote the development of vaccines and drugs [ 10 ]. Non-human primate (NHP) models are widely used due to their anatomical and immunological similarities to humans [ 11–16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mpox virus Clade IIb infected Cynomolgus macaques via mimic natural infection routes closely resembled human mpox infection

Li,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Generating an infectious non-human primate (NHP) model using a prevalent monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain has emerged as a crucial strategy for assessing the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs against human MPXV infection. Here, we established an animal model by infecting cynomolgus macaques with the prevalent MPXV strain, WIBP-MPXV-001, and simulating its natural routes of infection. A comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted on three animals, including monitoring clinical symptoms, collecting hematology data, measuring viral loads, evaluating cellular and humoral immune responses, and examining histopathology. Our findings revealed that initial skin lesions appeared at the inoculation sites and subsequently spread to the limbs and back, and all infected animals exhibited bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, eventually leading to a self-limiting disease course. Viral DNA was detected in post-infection blood, nasal, throat, rectal and blister fluid swabs. These observations indicate that the NHP model accurately reflects critical clinical features observed in human MPXV infection. Notably, the animals displayed clinical symptoms and disease progression similar to those of humans, rather than a lethal outcome as observed in previous studies. Historically, MPXV was utilized as a surrogate model for smallpox. However, our study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of current MPXV infections while providing a potential infectious NHP model for further evaluation of vaccines and antiviral drugs against mpox infection. Furthermore, the challenge model closely mimics the primary natural routes of transmission for human MPXV infections. This approach enhances our understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the interhuman transmission of MPXV.

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The monkeypox virus-host interplays

Yi,

Lei,

et al. 2024

Cell Insight

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Animal models of mpox virus infection and disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 104 publications

Successful treatment of severe monkeypox case with advanced HIV infection using plasma from smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population: A case report

Successful treatment of severe monkeypox case with advanced HIV infection using plasma from smallpox‐vaccinated healthy population: A case report

Mpox virus Clade IIb infected Cynomolgus macaques via mimic natural infection routes closely resembled human mpox infection

The monkeypox virus-host interplays

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