Animal models of stress in pharmacology

Paré, William P.; Glavin, Gary B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-81444-9.50021-3

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 176 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The present results showed an increase in serum corticosterone levels in mice treated with cyhalothrin (3.0 mg/kg once daily for 7 days). Assessment of plasma corticosterone has been used as a reliable measure of stress (27). Thus, the present results agree with data previously reported for a similar cyhalothrin treatment in rats and also with data showing that it increased c-fos immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (16), an area tightly linked to HPA axis activation during stress (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of cyhalothrin on Ehrlich tumor growth and macrophage activity in mice

Quinteiro-Filho

Righi

Palermo-Neto

2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of cyhalothrin on Ehrlich tumor growth and macrophage activity in mice

Quinteiro-Filho

Righi

Palermo-Neto

2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The aqueous extract of leaves of A. millefolium L. was able to protect the gastric mucosa against the direct necrosing action of ethanol, which can cause injury to the gastric mucosa by damaging and breaking the gelatinous layer composed of mucus and bicarbonate, which protects the stomach 9, 10 and stress-induced lesions, suggesting a stimulation of muscarinic receptors (M3) of parietal cells, increased levels of gastrin regulator peptide [11][12][13] , stimulation of histamine and reduction of gastric mucosa blood flow, promoting the increase of gastric secretion and reduction of protective factors [14][15][16] . The extract was able to reduce the volume and the acidity of secreted gastric juice, suggesting that in the gastric protective action of the extract, there must be a blockage of the mainly receptors presented in the parietal cell (M3, H2 -histamine receptor and CCKb -gastrine receptor) as well as their second messengers 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of crude aqueous extract of leaves of Achillea millefolium L. (Compositae) on gastrointestinal tract

Baggio¹,

Freitas²,

Nhaducue³

et al. 2002

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Achillea millefolium L. (Compositeae) is used in folk medicine to treat gastric disturbances. Doses of 125, 1500 and 2000 mg/kg protected rats against ulcers induced by ethanol and restraint-in-cold-stress, but not against indomethacininduced ulcers. Injected into the duodenal lumen the extract inhibited the basal acid secretion. Data from studies indicate that the antiulcer activity of A. millefolium must been related to a inhibition of gastric secretion or to a increase of protective factors in gastric mucosa as mucus, bicarbonate and blood flow. In conclusion, this extract effectively protected the gastric mucosa and inhibited gastric acid secretion. Further studies should also be provided for the stimulation of receptors in the parietal cell to elucidate the route whereby the extract produce this action.Achillea millefolium L. (Compositeae) popularly known as "pronto alívio", came from Europe and was introduced in the Americas, being common in Brazil's subtropical region 1 . It is used in folk medicine to treat gastric disorders (gastritis, ulcers), headache, fever and toothache. Phytochemistry studies were carried out with this species, describing the presence of essential oils, tanines, terpenes and mucilages 2 . This paper describes the antiulcerogenic activity of the crude aqueous extract of A. millefolium, L. (EABA) by using in vivo test models in rats and mice. For the elucidation of the activity mode, hypothermic restraint stress-, indomethacin-, ethanol-induced gastric lesions, pylorus ligature and intestinal motility model have been employed. : Rats deprived of solid food for 15 h but receiving water plus 5% glucose were treated (p.o.) with the water vehicle (0.5 ml/100 g), with ranitidine (60 mg/kg) and with the EABA at doses from 125 to 2000 mg/kg. Sixty min later, group 1 animals received 70% ethanol, group 2 animals received 20 mg/kg indomethacin (s.c.), and group 3 animals were anesthetized sufficiently with ether so that they could be immobilized in appropriate restraining boxes and maintained at a temperature of 4 o C. The animals were sacrificed 1 hour after treatment in group 1, 6 h after treatment in group 2, and 3 h after treatment in group 3. The stomachs were removed and the mucosa was washed and examined under a stereoscope for quantification of the lesions. 6,7,8 : Rats submitted to a 15 hour fast but with free access to water and glucose (5%) and anesthetized with ether were operated upon for pylorus ligature with sutures and the stomach was removed 4 h after suture of the abdominal wall. The mucosa was washed with 3 ml of water and the gastric content was placed in tubes for later centrifugation at 1500 g x 30 min in a refrigerated centrifuge. The volume of the gastric juice supernatant as determined and completed to 15 ml. Free acidity (pH) was determined with a pHmeter and total acidity by simple titration with 0.1 N NaOH using 2% phenolphthalein as acid-base indicator. Aliquots of 20 ml of the gastric content were incubated with 500 ml of albumin solution (5 mg/ml in 0.06...

show abstract

“…A análise estatística dos dados mostrou ausência de diferenças significantes entre os dados do grupo controle e aqueles do grupo experimental. GLAVIN, 1993). Neste sentido, infere-se a existência de níveis elevados de emocionalidade e/ou ansiedade no campo aberto pela preferência dos animais em mover-se nas áreas externa e tigmotáxica do aparelho (BARNETT, 1958;GROSSEN;KELLEY, 1972;BERNARDI;1978) e/ou pela diminuição da atividade exploratória (LISTER, 1987 (FILE, 1985;LISTER, 1987;McEWEN et al, 1997).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Avaliação dos efeitos do N-metil-3,4 metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA - Ecstasy) sobre parâmetros comportamentais, neuroendócrinos e de atividade de neutrófilos em camundongos

Paula¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal models of stress in pharmacology

Cited by 14 publications

References 176 publications

Effect of cyhalothrin on Ehrlich tumor growth and macrophage activity in mice

Effect of cyhalothrin on Ehrlich tumor growth and macrophage activity in mice

Action of crude aqueous extract of leaves of Achillea millefolium L. (Compositae) on gastrointestinal tract

Avaliação dos efeitos do N-metil-3,4 metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA - Ecstasy) sobre parâmetros comportamentais, neuroendócrinos e de atividade de neutrófilos em camundongos

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About