Animal Welfare and Poultry Meat in Alternative Production Systems (and Ethics of Poultry Meat Production)

Castellini, Cesare; Bosco, Alessandro Dal

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100763-1.00014-3

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Consequently, several classes of alternatives have been proposed and tested in poultry production, including probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, organic acids, enzymes, phytogenics, metals, antibacterial vaccines, immunomodulatory agents, antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, and different broiler chicken growth systems ( Hancock et al., 2012 , Cheng et al., 2014 , Castellini and Dal Bosco, 2017 , Polycarpo et al., 2017 , Alagawany et al., 2018 , Sevilla-Navarro et al., 2018 , Suresh et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli throughout the growing period in broiler chickens: fast-growing vs. slow-growing breeds

et al. 2020

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important threat to public health worldwide. Furthermore, different studies have demonstrated a close association between antibiotic use in animal production and AMR in humans. It is well known that it is necessary to reduce antibiotic administration in farms by finding effective alternative treatments, using more resistant breeds and improving animal welfare. However, to be able to assess the alternatives proposed, it is essential to study the epidemiology of AMR under production conditions. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the AMR dynamic in 2 genetic poultry breeds during the growing period. The study was performed in 2 experimental poultry houses to simulate real production conditions, and no antibiotics were administered during the growing period. In addition, 2 poultry breeds were used, fast-growing and slow-growing. To evaluate AMR evolution, Escherichia coli was selected as indicator bacterium. To this end, animals from each experimental group were sampled at different times: on day of arrival, at mid-period, and at slaughter day. In the laboratory, cecal content was removed and inoculated in selective media. Then, biochemical tests were performed to confirm E. coli . Finally, antibiotic susceptibility was assessed according to Decision 2013/653. At the onset of the cycle, significant differences were observed between breeds, as the E. coli strains isolated from fast-growing 1-day-old-chicks showed higher AMR rates. However, at the end of the period, no significant differences were found between breeds and their presence of resistant bacteria (above 95%). Therefore, although no antibiotics were administered during the growing period, a high level of AMR at slaughter day was demonstrated. Further studies are necessary to determine the main risk factors that increase the level of AMR throughout the productive cycle in broiler chickens. In conclusion, it is important to highlight that although it is crucial to control both antibiotic use and animal welfare during the growing period, measures should be taken at all levels of the production chain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli throughout the growing period in broiler chickens: fast-growing vs. slow-growing breeds

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, due to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, society is pressing for a reduction in antibiotic administration by finding effective alternatives to control infectious diseases at farm level [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Some of these alternatives are feed additives (prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, organic acids, enzymes, phytogenics and metals), alternative medical treatments (antibacterial vaccines, immunomodulatory agents, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages) and, finally, different, less intensified broiler management systems [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Although the beneficial effects of many of these alternatives have been demonstrated in vitro, the general consensus is that the effect of these products depends on the farm, farmer management and animal characteristics, such as the breed selected [ 11 , 14 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and Slow-Growing Management Systems: Characterisation of Broiler Caecal Microbiota Development throughout the Growing Period

Montoro-Dasi

Villagrá

Toro

et al. 2020

Animals

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Caecal microbiota and its modulation play an important role in poultry health, productivity and disease control. Moreover, due to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, society is pressing for a reduction in antibiotic administration by finding effective alternatives at farm level, such as less intensified production systems. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterise the caecal microbiota in two different broiler management systems, fast and slow-growing, using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. To this end 576 broilers were reared in two different management systems (fast and slow-growing). Results showed that Firmicutes represented the dominant phylum for both systems. At the onset, Proteobacteria was the second prevalent phylum for fast and slow-growing breeds, outnumbering the Bacteroidetes. However, during the rest of the production cycle, Bacteroidetes was more abundant than Proteobacteria in both groups. Finally, regardless of the management system, the most predominant genera identified were Oscillospira spp., Ruminococcus spp., Coprococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Bacteroides spp. In conclusion, fast and slow-growing broiler microbiota are in constant development throughout rearing, being relatively stable at 21 days of age. Regarding the genus, it should be noted that the three most abundant groups for both systems, Ruminococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Bacteroides spp., are related to better productive performance and intestinal health.

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“…Hence, in organic production broilers should preferably be of a slow growing hybrid which is defined by the Swedish Board of Agriculture as hybrids who have the maximal average growth rate of 45 grams per day (SJFS 2017:42 (Swedish Board of Agriculture, 2017)) and reach their slaughter weight usually after 60-65 days. The slow-growing hybrids/breeds are less effective energy converters, but they have a lower mortality and reduced lameness (Castellini & Dal Bosco, 2017). There may be a difference in meat quality compared with the fast-growing hybrids (Sirri et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2015;Comert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of genetic background, pen size and outdoor access on meat quality in two slow growing broiler hybrids

Sampels

Picková

Gatchell

et al. 2021

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science

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Animal Welfare and Poultry Meat in Alternative Production Systems (and Ethics of Poultry Meat Production)

Cited by 17 publications

References 65 publications

The dynamic of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli throughout the growing period in broiler chickens: fast-growing vs. slow-growing breeds

The dynamic of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli throughout the growing period in broiler chickens: fast-growing vs. slow-growing breeds

Fast and Slow-Growing Management Systems: Characterisation of Broiler Caecal Microbiota Development throughout the Growing Period

Effect of genetic background, pen size and outdoor access on meat quality in two slow growing broiler hybrids

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