Anismus as a marker of sexual abuse

Leroi, Anne‐Marie; Berkelmans, Isabelle; Denis, Philippe; Hémond, M.; Devroede, Ghislain

doi:10.1007/bf02285184

Cited by 99 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Anismus is a form of functional obstructed defecation and can cause constipation [18] and painful defecation. It is more common in women than in men, and sometimes is associated with sexual abuse [19]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the digestive tract symptoms in eating disorder patients represent functional gastrointestinal disorders?

Abraham

Kellow

2013

BMC Gastroenterol

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BackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in patients with eating disorders. The aim of this study was to determine, using factor analysis, whether these GI symptom factors (clusters) in eating disorder patients hold true to the Rome II classification of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).MethodsInpatients in a specialised eating disorder unit completed the Rome II questionnaire. Data from 185 patients were analysed using factor analysis of 17 questions cited as present in 30% to 70% of the patients.ResultsFive factors emerged accounting for 68% of the variance and these were termed: ‘oesophageal discomfort’, ‘bowel dysfunction’, ‘abdominal discomfort’, ‘pelvic floor dysfunction’, and ‘self-induced vomiting’. These factors are significantly related to the Rome II FGID categories of functional oesophageal, bowel and anorectal disorders, and to the specific FGIDs of IBS, functional abdominal bloating, functional constipation and pelvic floor dyssynergia. Both heartburn and chest pain were included in the oesophageal discomfort factor. The ‘pelvic floor dysfunction’ factor was distinct from functional constipation.ConclusionsThe GI symptoms common in eating disorder patients very likely represent the same FGIDs that occur in non-ED patients. Symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction in the absence of functional constipation, however, are prominent in eating disorder patients. Further investigation of the items comprising the ‘pelvic floor dysfunction’ factor in other patient populations may yield useful results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the digestive tract symptoms in eating disorder patients represent functional gastrointestinal disorders?

Abraham

Kellow

2013

BMC Gastroenterol

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“…177 Uncontrolled studies have reported sexual abuse in 22% of women with FDD, and 40% of women with functional lower gut disorders, including FDD. 140,178 …”

Section: F3 Functional Defecation Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorectal Disorders

et al. 2016

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This report defines criteria and reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of the following common anorectal disorders: fecal incontinence (FI), functional anorectal pain, and functional defecation disorders. FI is defined as the recurrent uncontrolled passage of fecal material for at least 3 months. The clinical features of FI are useful for guiding diagnostic testing and therapy. Anorectal manometry and imaging are useful for evaluating anal and pelvic floor structure and function. Education, antidiarrheals, and biofeedback therapy are the mainstay of management; surgery may be useful in refractory cases. Functional anorectal pain syndromes are defined by clinical features and categorized into 3 subtypes. In proctalgia fugax, the pain is typically fleeting and lasts for seconds to minutes. In levator ani syndrome and unspecified anorectal pain, the pain lasts more than 30 minutes, but in levator ani syndrome there is puborectalis tenderness. Functional defecation disorders are defined by ≥2 symptoms of chronic constipation or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, and with ≥2 features of impaired evacuation, that is, abnormal evacuation pattern on manometry, abnormal balloon expulsion test, or impaired rectal evacuation by imaging. It includes 2 subtypes: dyssynergic defecation and inadequate defecatory propulsion. Pelvic floor biofeedback therapy is effective for treating levator ani syndrome and defecatory disorders.

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“…The etiology of this dysfunction remains unknown. Nevertheless an association with sexual abuse is suggestive of a psychologic basis [20] , [21] . To our knowledge there were not studies comparing the frequency of this syndrome regarding gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional videodefecography: Pathologic findings according to gender and age

Andrade¹,

Correia

Curvo-Semedo³

et al. 2014

European Journal of Radiology Open

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ObjectivesTo review the most common disorders depicted with conventional videodefecography, and to compare the defecographic abnormalities between symptomatic patients according to their gender and age.MethodsConventional videodefecography studies of 300 patients (24 men, 266 women; mean age – 57.7) performed in a 32-month period were reviewed for the following parameters: anorectal angle, movement of the pelvic floor, intussusceptions, incontinence and rectocele. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test.ResultsNormal findings were observed in 16.7% men and 7.5% women. In women, the most frequent pathological findings were rectocele (62%), descending perineum syndrome (42.8%), intussusceptions (33.8%), incontinence (10.5%), dyskinetic puborectalis syndrome (9.4%) and rectal prolapse (4.5%); in men the most frequent pathology was the dyskinetic puborectalis syndrome (37.5%). This syndrome is more likely in men than in women (p = 0.01; OR 5.78); descending perineum syndrome (p = 0.027; OR 2.8) is more likely to occur in women.Women with perineal descent younger than 50 years frequently present an increased descent during evacuation (81.8%), while those older than 50 years already have a low pelvic floor during rest (60.3%) (p < 0.001; OR 6.8), with little change in evacuation.ConclusionVideodefecographic findings vary with age and gender.

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Anismus as a marker of sexual abuse

Cited by 99 publications

References 10 publications

Do the digestive tract symptoms in eating disorder patients represent functional gastrointestinal disorders?

Do the digestive tract symptoms in eating disorder patients represent functional gastrointestinal disorders?

Anorectal Disorders

Conventional videodefecography: Pathologic findings according to gender and age

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