Anisotropic edge retraction and hole growth during solid-state dewetting of single crystal nickel thin films

Ye, Jongpil; Thompson, Carl V.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2010.09.062

Cited by 83 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…When the depressions reach the substrate, agglomerated particles are formed, or break-up of the film occurs [83]. Recently, faceted film-edges were observed without depressions [84,85] (due to surface energy anisotropy) and confirmed by a model developed by Klinger et al [86].…”

Section: Spinoidal Dewetting Versus Nucleation Of Holesmentioning

confidence: 66%

A review of wetting versus adsorption, complexions, and related phenomena: the rosetta stone of wetting

et al. 2013

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This paper reviews the fundamental concepts and the terminology of wetting. In particular, it focuses on high temperature wetting phenomena of primary interest to materials scientists. We have chosen to split this review into two sections: one related to macroscopic (continuum) definitions and the other to a microscopic (or atomistic) approach, where the role of chemistry and structure of interfaces and free surfaces on wetting phenomena are addressed. A great deal of attention has been placed on thermodynamics. This allows clarification of many important features, including the state of equilibrium between phases, the kinetics of equilibration, triple lines, hysteresis, adsorption (segregation) and the concept of complexions, intergranular films, prewetting, bulk phase transitions versus ''interface transitions'', liquid versus solid wetting, and wetting versus dewetting.

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Section: Spinoidal Dewetting Versus Nucleation Of Holesmentioning

confidence: 66%

A review of wetting versus adsorption, complexions, and related phenomena: the rosetta stone of wetting

et al. 2013

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“…Surface energy anisotropy was also shown to (i) increase the instability that leads to island break-up into multiple islands, (ii) enhance hole healing, and (iii) lead to finite island size even under some conditions where the Young's angle θ i suggests that the film wets the substrate. The numerical results presented in the paper capture many of the complexities associated with solid-state dewetting experiments [1, [4][5][6][7]9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike dewetting of liquids on substrates, this type of capillarity-driven dewetting occurs primarily through surface diffusion-controlled mass transport at temperatures well below the melting point of the film [1]. In a recent set of experiments, Ye and Thompson [4][5][6][7] demonstrated the geometric complexity and importance of crystalline anisotropy in dewetting. These, and related, recent experiments have led to renewed interest in understanding thin film dewetting and the influence of crystalline anisotropy on dewetting phenomena [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid-state dewetting of thin films on substrates has been observed in a wide range of systems and is of considerable technological interest [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Unlike dewetting of liquids on substrates, this type of capillarity-driven dewetting occurs primarily through surface diffusion-controlled mass transport at temperatures well below the melting point of the film [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sharp interface model for solid-state dewetting problems with weakly anisotropic surface energies

et al. 2015

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We propose a sharp interface model for simulating solid-state dewetting where the surface energy is (weakly) anisotropic. The morphology evolution of thin films is governed by surface diffusion and contact line migration. The mathematical model is based on an energy variational approach. Anisotropic surface energies lead to multiple solutions of the contact angle equation at contact points. Introduction of a finite contact point mobility is both physically based and leads to robust, unambiguous determination of the contact angles. We implement the mathematical model in an explicit finite difference scheme with cubic spline interpolation for evolving marker points. Following validation of the mathematical and numerical approaches, we simulate the evolution of thin film islands, semi-infinite films, and films with holes as a function of film dimensions, Young's angle θ i , anisotropy strength and crystal symmetry, and film crystal orientation relative to the substrate normal. We find that the contact point retraction rate can be well described by a power-law, l ∼ t n . Our results demonstrate that the exponent n is not universal -it is sensitive to the Young's angle θ i (and insensitive to anisotropy). In addition to classical wetting (where holes in a film heal)and dewetting (where holes in a film grow), we observe cases where a hole through the film heals but leave a finite size hole/bubble between the continuous film and substrate or where the hole heals leaving a continuous film that is not bonded to the substrate. Surface energy anisotropy (i) increases the instability that leads to island break-up into multiple islands, (ii) enhances hole healing, and (iii) leads to finite island size even under some conditions where the Young's angle θ i suggests that the film wets the substrate. The numerical results presented in the paper capture many of the complexities associated with solid-state dewetting experiments. * jiangwei1007@whu.edu.cn 2

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“…Furthermore, the structural evolution during the nanowire formation process must be related, in an inverse way, to grain growth and dewetting of polycrystalline thin films on substrates. 109,110 Complex pattern formation during dewetting of epitaxial single-crystal metal films on substrates (Ni on MgO 111,112 and Au/Fe on sapphire 113 ) is beginning to reveal both the competitive processes involved in dewetting, grain growth, and thermal stress relaxation, and the control in pattern formation achievable from the nanoscale through the mesoscale. 114 Crystallographic effects, as well as hole nucleation from surface defects, are key in destabilizing thin-film systems.…”

Section: Functionality and Control Of Materials Far From Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Science and Research Opportunities for Metals and Metallic Nanostructures

Handwerker

Pollock

2014

JOM

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During the next decade, fundamental research on metals and metallic nanostructures (MMNs) has the potential to continue transforming metals science into innovative materials, devices, and systems. A workshop to identify emerging and potentially transformative research areas in MMNs was held June 13 and 14, 2012, at the University of California Santa Barbara. There were 47 attendees at the workshop (listed in the Acknowledgements section), representing a broad range of academic institutions, industry, and government laboratories. The metals and metallic nanostructures (MMNs) workshop aimed to identify significant research trends, scientific fundamentals, and recent breakthroughs that can enable new or enhanced MMN performance, either alone or in a more complex materials system, for a wide range of applications. Additionally, the role that MMN research can play in high-priority research and development (R&D) areas such as the U.S. Materials Genome Initiative, the National Nanotechnology Initiative, the Advanced Manufacturing Initiative, and other similar initiatives that exist internationally was assessed. The workshop also addressed critical issues related to materials research instrumentation and the cyberinfrastructure for materials science research and education, as well as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce development, with emphasis on the United States but with an appreciation that similar challenges and opportunities for the materials community exist internationally. A central theme of the workshop was that research in MMNs has provided and will continue to provide societal benefits through the integration of experiment, theory, and simulation to link atomistic, nanoscale, microscale, and mesoscale phenomena across time scales for an ever-widening range of applications. Within this overarching theme, the workshop participants identified emerging research opportunities that are categorized and described in more detail in the following sections in terms of the following: three-dimensional (3-D) and fourdimensional (4-D) materials science. Structure evolution and the challenge of heterogeneous and multicomponent systems. The science base for property prediction across the length scales. Nanoscale phenomena at surfaces-experiment, theory, and simulation. Prediction and control of the morphology, microstructure, and properties of ''bulk'' nanostructured metals. Functionality and control of materials far from equilibrium. Hybrid and multifunctional materials assemblies. Materials discovery and design: enhancing the theory-simulation-experiment loop. Following an introduction, these emerging research opportunities are discussed in detail, along with challenges and opportunities for the materials community in the areas of instrumentation, cyberinfrastructure, education, and workforce development.

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Anisotropic edge retraction and hole growth during solid-state dewetting of single crystal nickel thin films

Cited by 83 publications

References 19 publications

A review of wetting versus adsorption, complexions, and related phenomena: the rosetta stone of wetting

A review of wetting versus adsorption, complexions, and related phenomena: the rosetta stone of wetting

Sharp interface model for solid-state dewetting problems with weakly anisotropic surface energies

Emerging Science and Research Opportunities for Metals and Metallic Nanostructures

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