Anisotropic Laminar Piezocomposite Actuator Incorporating Machined PMN–PT Single-crystal Fibers

Wilkie, W. Keats; Inman, Daniel J.; Lloyd, Justin M.; High, James W.

doi:10.1177/1045389x06055891

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Each electrode finger has a width of 0•1mm, while the separation distance between any two was set at 0•5mm. These values are similar to those used in NASA-standard MFCs (25,26) . As previously mentioned, the overall design consists of two independent radial subdivisions that allow the length of the active fibres in a given sector to be electrically varied.…”

Section: Transducer Fabricationsupporting

confidence: 75%

CLoVER: an alterntive concept for damage interrogation in structural health monitoring systems

Salas

Cesnik

2009

Aeronaut. j.

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NOMENCLATUREb substrate half-thickness c j complex Fourier coefficients of shear tractions c g group velocity C capacitance d ij piezoelectric coupling coefficient (i, j = 1,2,3) D dispersion equation for Rayleigh-Lamb waves H k(2) hankel function of the second kind and order k i I electric current J m bessel function of the first kind and order m L rectangular actuator dimension n number of half-cycles in toneburst signal p capacitance function r radial position R radius R I transducer inner radius R O transducer outer radius s(t) toneburst signal S(ω) fourier transform of toneburst signal t time t thickness T substrate-actuator thickness ratio T period u(.) unit step function u displacement vector V voltage x, y cartesian co-ordinates Γ coefficient matrix used in theoretical solution δ(.) dirac delta function ABSTRACT Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is the component of damage prognosis systems responsible for interrogating a structure to detect, locate, and identify any damage present. Guided wave (GW) testing methods are attractive for this application due to the GW ability to travel over long distances with little attenuation and their sensitivity to different damage types. The Composite Long-range Variable-direction Emitting Radar (CLoVER) transducer is introduced as an alternative concept for efficient damage interrogation in GW SHM systems. This transducer has an overall ring geometry, but is composed of individual wedge-shaped anisotropic piezocomposite sectors that can be individually excited to interrogate the structure in a particular direction. The transducer is shown to produce actuation amplitudes larger than those of a similarly sized ring configuration for the same electric current input. The electrode pattern design used allows each sector to act as an independent actuator and sensor element, decreasing the number of separate transducers needed for inspection. The fabrication and characterisation procedures of these transducers are described, and their performance is shown to be similar to that of conventional piezocomposite transducers. Experimental studies of damage detection demonstrating the proposed interrogation approach are also presented for simulated structural defects.

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Section: Transducer Fabricationsupporting

confidence: 75%

CLoVER: an alterntive concept for damage interrogation in structural health monitoring systems

Salas

Cesnik

2009

Aeronaut. j.

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“…It is assumed that the material is initially polarized in the x 3 (longitudinal) direction and that the beam is electrically loaded by electrodes at the edges x 3 = 0, L. Consequently, it is assumed that the levels of electrical field and polarization in the longitudinal direction (x 3 ) are much higher than in the other two directions. In practice, these conditions can, for example, simulate the conditions of a segment of a piezoelectricferroelectric fiber in a micro-fiber-composite (MFC) actuator located between two adjacent pairs of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) (see Wilkie et al, 2006). In such case, the beam model represents the segment of the active fiber.…”

Section: Ferro-electro-elastic Beam Theory -Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear ferro-electro-elastic beam theory

Kushnir

Rabinovitch

2009

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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a b s t r a c tMotivated by the uniqueness and potential of the nonlinear range of piezoelectric and ferroelectric smart materials and structures, a static physically nonlinear ferro-electro-elastic beam theory which takes the effect of domain switching into account is developed. The kinematic assumptions adopt the geometrically linear Bernoulli-Euler form for the mechanical components and a first-order theory for the electrical potential, and lay the basis for further augmentation to higher order theories. The beam theory includes the field equations that correspond to the static case, the boundary conditions and the constitutive equations of ferro-electro-elasticity. The general 3-D constitutive equations are reduced to comply with the beam theory and formulated as ordinary differential equations by means of a set of generalized electro-mechanical stiffnesses. A micromechanical constitutive model that accounts for the loading history and for the domain switching phenomenon is adopted and an iterative solution procedure that incorporates the micromechanical approach is suggested. A numerical example that demonstrates the impact of the domain switching on the nonlinear electromechanical static response of a ferro-electro-elastic beam is presented and discussed. The quantitative assessment of this behavior takes a step towards new structural applications that cope with or even take advantage of the nonlinear ferro-electro-elastic range.

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“…These values are similar to those used in NASA-standard MFCs. 15,16 As previously mentioned, the overall design consists of two independent radial subdivisions that allow to electrically vary the length of the active fibers in a given sector. PZT-5A was selected as the active piezoceramic material in these transducers.…”

Section: Transducer Manufacturementioning

confidence: 99%

Design and characterization of the CLoVER transducer for structural health monitoring

Salas

Cesnik

2008

Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems 2008

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Structural health monitoring (SHM) is the component of damage prognosis systems responsible for interrogating a structure to detect, locate, and identify any damage present. Guided wave (GW) testing methods are attractive for this application due to the ability of GWs to travel over long distances with little attenuation and their sensitivity to different damage types. The Composite Long-range Variable-direction Emitting Radar (CLoVER) transducer is introduced as an alternative concept for efficient damage interrogation and GW excitation in GWbased SHM systems. This transducer has an overall ring geometry, but is composed of individual wedge-shaped sectors that can be individually excited to interrogate the structure in a particular direction. Each wedgeshaped sector is made with piezoelectric fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix surrounded by an interdigitated electrode pattern. The multiple advantages over alternative transducer concepts are examined. In particular, it is shown that the geometry of each sector yields actuation amplitudes much larger than those obtained for a ring configuration under similar electric inputs. The manufacture and characterization procedures of these devices are presented, and it is shown that their free strain performance is similar to that of conventional piezocomposite transducers. Experimental studies of damage detection simulating the proposed damage interrogation approach are also presented.

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Anisotropic Laminar Piezocomposite Actuator Incorporating Machined PMN–PT Single-crystal Fibers

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

CLoVER: an alterntive concept for damage interrogation in structural health monitoring systems

CLoVER: an alterntive concept for damage interrogation in structural health monitoring systems

Nonlinear ferro-electro-elastic beam theory

Design and characterization of the CLoVER transducer for structural health monitoring

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