Anisotropic shrinkage during hip of encapsulated powder

Nguyen, Chung Van; Bezold, Alexander; Broeckmann, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.06.037

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the cylindrical sample was cold embedded, ground, and polished. By applying a self-developed "Image Analysis" method (van Nguyen et al, 2015), the micrographs of the samples were captured, stored, and sorted . The resolution and contrast of all the images were adjusted to distinguish between porosity and powder particles, i.e.…”

Section: Simulation Of Powder Compaction and Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Digital Twin of the Powder Metallurgical Manufacturing Chain of High Strength Sintered Gears

Rajaei¹,

Deng²,

Schenk³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper presents a digital twin of the powder metallurgical (PM) production chain of high-performance sintered gears based on an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) platform. Discrete and finite element methods (DEM and FEM) were combined to describe the macroscopic material response to the thermomechanical loads and process conditions during the entire production process. The microstructural evolution during the sintering process was predicted on then meso-scale using a Monte-Carlo Model. The effective elastic properties were determined by a homogenization method based on modelling a representative volume element (RVE). The results were subsequently used for the FE modelling of the heat treatment process. Through the development of multi-scale models, it was possible on the one hand to obtain characteristics of the microstructural features and on the other hand the predicted hardness and residual stress distributions allow the calculation of the tooth root load bearing capacity of the heat-treated sintered gears.

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Section: Simulation Of Powder Compaction and Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Digital Twin of the Powder Metallurgical Manufacturing Chain of High Strength Sintered Gears

Rajaei¹,

Deng²,

Schenk³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The tool, made of 304 stainless steel, was simulated using a temperature dependent elasto-plastic material model [20,35], where the plastic region was dened by means of the Von Mises yield criterion and isotropic hardening.…”

Section: Fem Modelling Of Hippingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and specic heat coecients were implemented as function of the temperature [16,20].…”

Section: Fem Modelling Of Hippingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an improvement in the model capability in predicting the tool shrinkage was highlighted by Van Nguyen et al [18] when implementing a powder distribution obtained by experimental observation of particles' conguration after lling. In fact, experimental results showed that the powder inside the canister (cylindrical tool) is generally distributed inhomogeneously [19], and the relative density gradient prior HIP strongly depends on the lling and preconsolidation process [20]. This usually contributes to a non-uniform tool shrinkage or high distortion of the nal component [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comprehensive numerical modelling of the hot isostatic pressing of Ti-6Al-4V powder: From filling to consolidation

Abena

Aristizabal

Essa

2019

Advanced Powder Technology

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“…While reaching the full density of the gear after Hot Iso-static Pressing (HIP) is achieved, significant distortions occur during the HIP operation [12][13][14]. The distortions are caused by the inhomogeneous density distribution after the initial pressing steps [13,14]. Existing frictional forces between the powder particles and the die walls during the pressing of the loose powder cause the generation of a neutral zone in the middle surface of the gear face width, as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Gear Size Influence on Density Variations and Distortions during the Manufacturing of PM Gears with an Innovative Powder Processing Route Incorporating HIP

Khodaee

Melander

2018

JMMP

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The paper is the result of research intended to develop a process route for the manufacturing of powder metallurgical (PM) gears for application in transmissions units for heavy duty powertrain applications. The main problem of PM for such applications is that the generated pores that occur through conventional pressing and sintering processes reduce the gear strength, which reduces the capacity for power transmission by the gear. In prior work, removing the pores and reaching 100% density by adding Hot Iso-static Pressing (HIP) after two times pressing and two times sintering steps in the process route was suggested to solve the mentioned problem. During the investigations of this work it was revealed that the gear dimensions could influence the process results with respect to geometrical distortions. In this paper we have presented a finite element (FE) model based analysis on how the gear geometrical parameters influenced the distortions occurring in HIP. The simulation model is validated with experiments. Furthermore, the simulation model is used to create a prediction model for further investigations. The research showed that PM gears with different sizes during the proposed process route behaved differently in terms of distortions. This was illustrated with a series of simulations with different gear geometries. A regression model was developed based on the FE results for further practical predictive use. The distortions caused by HIP should be considered in the process design to prevent expensive post processes afterwards to reach the gear with accurate geometry and keep the costs of manufacturing low. It is concluded that it is possible to use the innovative process route including HIP to reach the full density and close all the open pores but not for all kind of gear geometries.

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Anisotropic shrinkage during hip of encapsulated powder

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

A Digital Twin of the Powder Metallurgical Manufacturing Chain of High Strength Sintered Gears

A Digital Twin of the Powder Metallurgical Manufacturing Chain of High Strength Sintered Gears

Comprehensive numerical modelling of the hot isostatic pressing of Ti-6Al-4V powder: From filling to consolidation

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Gear Size Influence on Density Variations and Distortions during the Manufacturing of PM Gears with an Innovative Powder Processing Route Incorporating HIP

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