Anisotropy in Shape and Ligand‐Conjugation of Hybrid Nanoparticulates Manipulates the Mode of Bio–Nano Interaction and Its Outcome

Abstract

In an attempt to manipulate the biological features of nanomaterials via both anisotropic shape and ligand modification, four types of nanoparticulates with good morphological stability are designed and engineered, including hybrid nanospheres, nanodiscs, and nanodiscs with edge modification or plane modification of octa-arginine (R8) sequence. It is found that the R8 modification anisotropy can trigger huge differences in the endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and even tissue penetration of nanoparticulates. From plane modification to edge modification of R8, the maximum increase in cell uptake is up to 17-fold, which is much more significant than shape anisotropy alone. On the other hand, six types of different cell lines are investigated to simulate biological microenvironment. It is demonstrated that the maximum difference in cell uptake among six cell lines is 12-fold. Three main driving forces are found to contribute to such bio-nano interactions. Based on the findings of this study, it seems possible to manipulate the biointeraction mode of nanomaterials and its output by regulating their anisotropy in both shape and ligand modification.

Template‐Free Synthesis and Selective Filling of Janus Nanocups

“…Shapeand surface-anisotropic colloids [1] are currently in high demand, as their directional properties are beneficial for hierarchical self-assembly, [2] locomotion, [3] active structuring, [4] interfacial activity, [5] and drug delivery. [6,7] Amongst the conceivable shapes,b owl or cup-shaped particles are as pecial case that combines an anisotropic shape with an open cavity.O wing to their shape,g old nanocups show multiple plasmon resonances and serve as metallodielectric nanoparticles. [8][9][10][11] Cups demonstrate distinct self-assembly behavior through shape-recognition leading to precise colloidal molecules, [12] 1D self-assemblies, [13] or non-classical packing in colloids crystals.…”

Interplay between ligand mobility and nanoparticle geometry during cellular uptake of PEGylated liposomes and bicelles

“…It is impossible in the simulation to create a liposome and bicelle with an identical lipid number. Following the idea in experiments, 29,31 the liposome and bicelle are assumed to have the same size, around R = 11r 0 (as denoted in Fig. 1), in our simulations.…”

“…26 Furthermore, compared with liposomes, bicelles are found to have a better chance to be internalized by tumor cells. For example, Wang et al 29 compared the cellular uptake of bicelles and liposomes with the modification of the octa-arginine (R8) sequence in four different cell lines, including MM-231, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, human umbilical vein endothelial cell HUVEC and murine macrophage cell RAW264.7. They found that bicelles are more efficiently internalized by all these cells.…”

Rho GTPases in A549 and Caco-2 cells dominating the endocytic pathways of nanocarbons with different morphologies

“…2 For instance, nanoparticles with a larger aspect ratio were observed to be internalized at a faster rate and higher frequency. 3,4 This indicates that cell internalization could be controlled via rational design and fabrication of nanoparticles with well-defined characteristics.…”