Anisotropy in wear processes measured by scanning probe microscopy

Schouterden, Kris; Lairson, B. M.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(98)01341-8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Experimental observations of anisotropic friction and wear at the atomic and nanometer scales were reported in the literature for various materials, for example: in an organic bilayer structure by Overney et al (1994), in polymeric solids by Kajiyama et al (1996), in crystals of molybdenum oxide sliding on molybdenum disulfide by Sheehan and Lieber (1996), in Langmuir-Blodgett films by Gourdon et al (1997), in the lipid monolayer by Liley et al (1998), in the snake skin by Hazel et al (1999), in carbon thin films for hard discs by Schouterden and Lairson (1999), in glycerol ester monolayers by Hisada and Knobler (2002). Frictional anisotropy on the nano-scale has been observed at the surface of polymer single crystal by Pearce and Vancso (1998).…”

Section: Friction Anisotropy On Micro/nano-scalesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the transversely oriented pattern can be helpful in lubricated contacts (e.g., in sliding bearings, in drawing processes), see Horng et al (1994), Dizdar (2000) and Chvedov et al (2003). Schouterden and Lairson (1999) investigated anisotropy in friction and wear of amorphous carbon thin coatings on surfaces for hard disc applications. Friction and wear in the directions parallel and perpendicular to wear tracks were compared.…”

Section: Rough Engineering Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Models of kinematics dependent anisotropic and heterogeneous friction

Zmitrowicz

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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Anisotropy and heterogeneity of friction and wear can result from anisotropic roughness of engineering surfaces and from anisotropic and heterogeneous microstructures present in many materials (wood, single crystals, ceramics, composites, layer-lattice materials, polymers, biomaterials, monomolecular layers). In sliding surfaces of some materials, kinematics of sliding initiates microstructural and frictional changes. This research deals with advanced constitutive models, which describe evolutions of frictional anisotropy and heterogeneity induced by the sliding kinematics. First-, second-and higher-order constitutive equations of friction are developed with respect to powers of a sliding path curvature. The first-order equation of the friction force has two independent variables: sliding velocity unit vector and its derivative. The second-and higher-order equations are polynomials with respect to odd order tensors composed by the sliding velocity unit vector and the derivative. In the equations, friction tensors of even orders describe anisotropy and inhomogeneity of friction and effects associated with the sliding kinematics. The sliding path curvature generates: (a) an additional resistance to sliding, (b) a constraint force normal to the sliding trajectory. The friction constitutive equations satisfy the axiom of objectivity. A condition of dissipated energy restricts the friction tensors and the radius of curvature. Examples illustrate friction descriptions.

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Section: Friction Anisotropy On Micro/nano-scalesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Rough Engineering Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of kinematics dependent anisotropic and heterogeneous friction

Zmitrowicz

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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“…Hydrogenated (a-C:H) or hydrogen-free (a-C) diamond-like carbon (DLC) films exhibit many unique properties similar to those of diamond that make DLC films ideal for a wide variety of applications. Their superior hardness, high wearand-corrosion resistance and low-friction coefficient enable them to be used in magnetic recording media [1], whereas their chemical inertness and infrared transparency favour their further use in magneto-optic and opto-electronic devices [2,3]. The necessity to grow DLC films drove the development of various deposition techniques in the last decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-assisted CVD of hydrogenated diamond-like carbon films by low-pressure dielectric barrier discharges

Liu

Shan-xin

et al. 2001

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been deposited on silicon substrates from dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas of CH4 at room temperature under a pressure of 0.4-4.0 Torr. The effects of discharge gas pressure (P), the applied peak voltage and the distance of the discharge gas spacing (d) on the film quality have been systematically investigated. The film hardness is mainly dependent on the Pd value and applied peak voltage. The best films of ϕ40-70 mm with Knoop hardness up to 20 GPa can be deposited at 30 kV peak voltage with a Pd value of about 2 Torr mm. The deposited films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. These analyses show that the deposited films are homogeneous hydrogenated amorphous carbon films with very smooth surfaces containing significant amounts of sp3 C-C bonding. The high-voltage and current waveform measurements of the discharge indicate that the low-pressure DBD consists of uniform (along the whole electrode) glow-like single breakdowns with half-widths of several microseconds. The DBD-induced deposition technique used in this work has many advantages, including the simplicity of the experimental set-up, large area deposition of DLC films and a lower consumption of feed gas and electric power.

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