2001
DOI: 10.1177/096739110100900604
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Anisotropy Related “Spring-in” of Angled Composite Shells

Abstract: During the manufacture of curved or angled shell composite structures, the enclosed angle of such structures tends to be reduced after cure. This phenomenon is referred to as “spring-in”. It is believed that such distortion is caused mainly by the significant difference between the in-plane coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the through-thickness CTE. This might result in a larger out-of-plane contraction than the in-plane contraction during the time that a composite structure is cooling down from the … Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…In order to predict the spring-in of more complex structures, numerical simulation tools of finite element method or finite difference method are often employed. Ding et al [5] developed a 3-D finite element analysis procedure to predict spring-in resulting from anisotropy for both thin and thick angled composite shells.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to predict the spring-in of more complex structures, numerical simulation tools of finite element method or finite difference method are often employed. Ding et al [5] developed a 3-D finite element analysis procedure to predict spring-in resulting from anisotropy for both thin and thick angled composite shells.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wang et al [11] conducted a finite element analysis of spring-in using ABAQUS. Ding et al [12] developed a 3-D finite element analysis procedure to predict spring-in resulting from anisotropy for both thin and thick angled composite shell structures. The mechanical behavior of composite materials is better represented by a viscoelastic model.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The dimension variations of composites have been studied experimentally [3][4][5], analytically [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and numerically [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ding et al [21] developed a 3-D finite element analysis procedure to predict "spring-in" resulting from anisotropy for both thin and thick angled composite shell structures. Zhu et al [22] developed a fully 3-D coupled thermo-chemo-viscoelastic finite element model to simulate the heat transfer, curing, and residual stress development during the manufacturing cycle of thermoset composite parts.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%