AnMBR, reclaimed water and fertigation: Two case studies in Italy and Spain to assess economic and technological feasibility and CO2 emissions within the EU Innovation Deal initiative

Jiménez-Benítez, A.; Ferrer, F. J.; Greses, Silvia; Ruiz-Martínez, A.; Fatone, Francesco; Eusebi, Anna Laura; Mondéjar, Nieves; Ferrer, J.; Seco, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122398

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…One of the main advantages of the agricultural use of reclaimed water is saving of fertilization costs because the water contains a large part of the essential nutrients required by crops [83][84][85]. However, this water source also has some drawbacks related to its quality and chemical composition which involve some agronomic issues, such as the accumulation of chloride, sodium, and boron that can affect both soils and crop production in the medium term [84,86].…”

Section: Reclaimed Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding management practices, the Spanish legal framework determines that public health authorities are required to provide a binding report confirming that the proposed uses are appropriate from a technical point of view, and including self-monitoring and risk management programs presented by the applicant for the reclaimed water concession [73]. In addition, according to the new European reclaimed water regulation, a new actor, called the Reclaimed Water Manager, is a key player responsible for implementing the risk management plans, thus ensuring environmental and health safety for using reclaimed water [85]. These regulations are aimed at maintaining the current situation, in which it is ensured that crops irrigated with reclaimed water do not pose any microbiological or toxicity hazard for human health [86].…”

Section: Reclaimed Water Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review

et al. 2021

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Water consumption continues to grow globally, and it is estimated that more than 160% of the total global water volume will be needed to satisfy the water requirements in ten years. In this context, non-conventional water resources are being considered to overcome water scarcity and reduce water conflicts between regions and sectors. A bibliometric analysis and literature review of 81 papers published between 2000 and 2020 focused on south-east Spain were conducted. The aim was to examine and re-think the benefits and concerns, and the inter-connections, of using reclaimed and desalinated water for agricultural and urban-tourist uses to address water scarcity and climate change impacts. Results highlight that: (1) water use, cost, quality, management, and perception are the main topics debated by both reclaimed and desalinated water users; (2) water governance schemes could be improved by including local stakeholders and water users in decision-making; and (3) rainwater is not recognized as a complementary option to increase water supply in semi-arid regions. Furthermore, the strengths–weaknesses–opportunities–threats (SWOT) analysis identifies complementary concerns such as acceptability and investment in reclaimed water, regulation (cost recovery principle), and environmental impacts of desalinated water.

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Section: Reclaimed Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reclaimed Water Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Robles et al [ 98 ] believe that AnMBR in combination with fertigation is a membrane technology that can already be “implemented for full scale low-loaded water treatment”. However, for its implementation, it is required to study some aspects of water reuse [ 107 ].…”

Section: Modern Trends In Nutrients Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations

2022

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The review describes the place of membrane methods in solving the problem of the recovery and re-use of biogenic elements (nutrients), primarily trivalent nitrogen NIII and pentavalent phosphorus PV, to provide the sustainable development of mankind. Methods for the recovery of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphates from natural sources and waste products of humans and animals, as well as industrial streams, are classified. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using membrane processes for the transition to a circular economy in the field of nutrients. The possibilities of different methods, already developed or under development, are evaluated, primarily those that use ion-exchange membranes. Electromembrane methods take a special place including capacitive deionization and electrodialysis applied for recovery, separation, concentration, and reagent-free pH shift of solutions. This review is distinguished by the fact that it summarizes not only the successes, but also the “bottlenecks” of ion-exchange membrane-based processes. Modern views on the mechanisms of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphate transport in ion-exchange membranes in the presence and in the absence of an electric field are discussed. The innovations to enhance the performance of electromembrane separation processes for phosphate and ammonium recovery are considered.

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“…In fact, AnMBR has been reported to be net energy positive, leading in cost savings up to €0.023 per m 3 of treated water (Pretel et al, 2016). At the same time, the combined used of anaerobically treated effluent for fertigation can further reduce CO2 emissions (Jiménez-Benítez et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative life cycle environmental and economic assessment of anaerobic membrane bioreactor and disinfection for reclaimed water reuse in agricultural irrigation: A case study in Italy

Foglia

Andreola

Cipolletta

et al. 2021

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes is a measure to reduce water stress and overexploitation of freshwater resources. This study aims to investigate the environmental and economic impacts of a current conventional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Peschiera Borromeo (Milan, Italy), and compare possible scenarios to enable reclaimed water reuse for agriculture purposes. Accordingly, we propose alternative disinfection methods (i.e. enhanced UV, peracetic acid) and replace conventional activated sludge (CAS) with upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) for biological treatment and use anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) as the tertiary treatment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) were implemented on the existing full-scale wastewater treatment line and the hypothetical scenarios. In most cases, the impact categories are primarily influenced by fertilizer application and direct emissions to water (i.e. nutrients and heavy metals). The baseline scenario appears to have the largest environmental impact, except for freshwater eutrophication, human ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity. As expected, water depletion is the most apparent impact category between the baseline and proposed scenarios. The UASB + AnMBR scenario gives relatively higher environmental benefits than other proposed scenarios in climate change (-28%), fossil fuel depletion (-31%), mineral resource depletion (-52%), and terrestrial ecotoxicity compared to the baseline. On the other hand, the highest impact on freshwater eutrophication is also obtained by this scenario since the effluent from the anaerobic processes is rich in nutrients. Moreover, investment and operational costs varied remarkably between the scenarios, and the highest overall costs are obtained for the UASB + AnMBR line mostly due to the replacement of membrane modules (24% of the total cost). The results highlighted the importance of the life cycle approach to support decision making when considering possible upgrading scenarios in WWTPs for water reuse.

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AnMBR, reclaimed water and fertigation: Two case studies in Italy and Spain to assess economic and technological feasibility and CO2 emissions within the EU Innovation Deal initiative

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review

Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review

Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations

Comparative life cycle environmental and economic assessment of anaerobic membrane bioreactor and disinfection for reclaimed water reuse in agricultural irrigation: A case study in Italy

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