Being a smart material, nanoscale semiconductors have displayed properties unique to their small size in comparison with the normal bulk materials owing to the effect of quantum confinement on electronic and optical properties. There are potential applications in novel photonic devices. 1À4 For example, when the diameter of a Si nanowire is reduced to the order of magnitude of the electron's de Broglie wavelength, visible photoluminescence may be produced. Much attention has been paid to the investigation of group IV semiconductor nanocrystals, such as nanowires/nanorods and nanotubes, due to their contribution to the understanding of fundamental principles in mesoscopic physics, as well as the potential applications in optoelectronic devices. 5À7 Due to its advantageous semiconducting, optical, and chemical properties, germanium has many important fields of application, such as infrared detector devices, optical lens systems for infrared, fiber optics, electronic devices, and solar cells. 8 For example, Ge wafers have been used in the manufacture of solar cells, though there are other emerging applications which are starting to gather momentum, such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and high electron mobility transistors, etc. 9 In recent years, semiconductor Ge and composites have also attracted much attention due to their broad application in many fields, such as microelectronic devices, one-dimensional quantum transistors, and light-emitting diodes. 10À12 Considerable effort has been focused on the