“…• Architects have focused considerable attention on energy efficiency, which has been a significant issue in recent years. (Aksoy & Çağdaş, 2014;Kerdan & Gálvez, 2022;Seyedzadeh, et al, 2019;Li, et al, 2019). • The incorporation of AI-based approaches has enabled architects to analyze and optimize previously difficult-to-solve complex design problems, thereby facilitating the emergence of interdisciplinary studies in the field.…”