Annona crassiflora Mart. (Annonaceae): effect of crude extract of seeds on larvae of soybean looper Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The effect of a crude extract of Annona crassiflora was evaluated on larvae of the soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in different stages of larval development.The extract was prepared with seeds of A. crassiflora fruits collected in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The extract was diluted in water and solubilizer agent at the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0%; it was tested by ingestion of treated leaves and contact. The mortality rate of topically treated caterpillars of first, third, and fifth instars was significantly higher than that of the control group. For first instar caterpillars, mortality was observed within the first 24 h after application, while, for the remaining instars, it was significant after 72 h. For caterpillars fed treated leaves, no differences in mortality rates were observed within the first 120 h. These caterpillars were monitored until the end of the larval stage, during which mortality rates increased for first and third instar caterpillars. The mortality rate of fifth instar larvae was not significantly different between treatments. The treatment by ingestion was not efficient over a short period of time, but reduced the number of caterpillars that completed their development, decreasing the number of insects in the following generation. We concluded that the crude extract of A. crassiflora affected the development of C. PLANT PROTECTION -includens and is a promising compound for the control of this pest.

Toxic Potential of Cerrado Plants on Different Organisms

“…In general, topical application is used to study the insecticide potential of natural products because it has a faster response than ingestion and is independent of insect activity. The disadvantages of topical application are that the compound may not overcome penetration barriers, the application process is tedious, and the process requires manual dexterity [ 139 , 140 ]. Tests on larvae are preferred because insecticides that are effective on larval stages can prevent the development of the next generation of insects [ 140 ].…”

“…The disadvantages of topical application are that the compound may not overcome penetration barriers, the application process is tedious, and the process requires manual dexterity [ 139 , 140 ]. Tests on larvae are preferred because insecticides that are effective on larval stages can prevent the development of the next generation of insects [ 140 ]. Bioassays performed under conditions that simulate management applications are also required; however, formulated products should be used to ensure standardization.…”

POTENSI EKSTRAK SIRSAK (Annona muricata) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA PENGENDALI POPULASI Aedes albopictus

“…Tumbuhan yang memiliki senyawa kimia seperti saponin, flavonoid, dan lainnya dinyatakan memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai larvasida alami, tidak terkecuali tumbuhan sirsak (Annona muricata) (Komansilan, Suriani, & Lawalata, 2017). Penggunaan senyawa bioaktif dari tumbuhan sebagai larvasida alami memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibanding larvasida sintetik, diantaranya lebih mudah terdegradasi di lingkungan, toksisitas rendah terhadap mamalia, biaya produksi murah, dan bersifat selektif terhadap organisme tertentu (Massarolli, Pereira, & Foerster, 2017); (Shad & Andrew, 2017).…”

“…albopictus, Ae. aegypti (Massarolli, Pereira, & Foerster, 2017), dan Culex quinquefasciatus (Shad & Andrew, 2017 (Tellez, Montalvo-Gonzales, Yahia, & Obledo-Vazquez, 2018). Annona muricata memiliki setidaknya 6 struktur senyawa acetogenin (Gambar 2).…”

“…albopictus. Senyawa ini menghambat produksi ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) pada kompleks mitokondria serangga sehingga mengakibatkan apoptosis pada sel (Massarolli et al, 2017). Kematian sel tersebut mengakibatkan hambatan pada pertumbuhan serangga sehingga jumlah populasi serangga target dapat dikendalikan.…”