Annonaceous Acetogenins as Natural Pesticides: Potent Toxicity Against Insecticide-Susceptible and -Resistant German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

Abstract

Six compounds, representing the mono-tetrahydrofuran (THF) (gigantetrocin A, annomontacin), adjacent bis-THF (asimicin, parviflorin), and nonadjacent bis-THF (sylvaticin, bullatalicin) classes of annonaceous acetogenins, were compared with technical grades of synthetic amidinohydrazone (hydramethylnon), carbamate (propoxur, bendiocarb), organophosphate (chlorpyrifos), and pyrethroid (cypermethrin) insecticides to determine their dietary toxicities to insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible strains of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Differential susceptibility occurred among B. germanica nymphs of both strains to this variety of the acetogenins and the 5 conventional synthetic insecticides. The speed of kill (LT50) values against insecticide-susceptible and insecticide-resistant 2nd and 5th instars permitted ranking of all 11 compounds. The adjacent bis-THF acetogenins showed the highest potency among the 3 acetogenin classes. The acetogenins caused high percentages of mortality and delays in development of the 5th instars of both strains. Insecticide-susceptible nymphal development was mainly affected by gigantetrocin A and annomontacin, whereas insecticide-resistant nymphal development was mainly affected by gigantetrocin A and bullatalicin. Most tested acetogenins performed better than the conventional insecticides against both stages of both strains. No growth regulation effects were caused by any of the compounds tested. Low resistance ratios were obtained for most compounds (except chlorpyrifos). Low resistance ratios values for 2nd instars ranged from 0.9 to 2.2 with the natural acetogenins and from 1.0 to 3.8 with the synthetic compounds; the 5th instars ranged from 0.2 to 3.9 with the natural acetogenins and from 0.6 to 8.0 with the synthetic compounds. Insecticidal properties and characteristics of acetogenins and the possible use of acetogenins in baits for cockroach control are discussed.

Evaluación larvicida de suspensiones acuosas de Annona muricata Linnaeus «guanábana» sobre Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera, Culicidae)

“…Padmaja et al (1995) demostraron con el ácido kaur-16-en-19-oico de la corteza del tallo de A. glabra perteneciente a diterpenos kauranos (Valencia, 1995). De igual manera Bruneton (1991) con un complejo de alcaloides benciltetrahidroisoquinoleínico (BTHIQ) de efectos neurotóxicos, y Alali et al (1998) con un amplio grupo de acetogeninas a través de un mecanismo de inhibición de la NADH ubiquinona oxidoreductasa del complejo I mitocondrial de la cadena respiratoria, presentes en mamíferos e insectos, que reducirían los niveles de ATP desacoplando ciertos mecanismos de resistencia (Alali et al, 1999).…”

Repellent Effects of Annona Crude Seed Extract on the Asian Subterranean Termite Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann (Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)

“…ni (Leatemia & Isman, 2004b), the lepidopteran Spodoptera frugiperda (Alvarez Colom et al, 2007), the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) (Alali et al 2000), the adult and egg masses of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Dos Santos & Santa Ana, 2010).…”

Historic Perspectives on Annonaceous Acetogenins from the Chemical Bench to Preclinical Trials

“…In addition, they indicated that the adjacent bis-THF AGEs with three hydroxy groups, for example, bullatacin (14) and trilobin (21), were the most potent. They further made AGEs, mono-THF, adjacent bis-THF, and nonadjacent bis-THF types as insecticidal baits to test the potent toxicity of these compounds against insecticide-susceptible and -resistant German cockroaches, compared to the activities of some conventional synthetic insecti- cides [79]. Ohsawa et al evaluated the insecticidal activities of AGEs from the seeds of the pond apple, A. glabra L. with a micro-sprayer on the cabbage leaf or the filter paper [80].…”