Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments: 2007-2010

Abstract

This Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments updates and affirms the findings of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel's assessment of almost 30 compounds used in cosmetic ingredients. The review also summarizes new findings from epidemiology studies of hair dyes. The CIR Expert Panel's re-review process is intended to uncover any new data since the last safety assessment. In some cases, newly available data are largely redundant compared with the data available in the original safety assessment. In other cases, new data present new safety issues. If after considering the newly available information, the CIR Expert Panel decides to not reopen a safety assessment, this finding, along with any background material, is summarized and announced publicly. To assure that the scientific community is aware of any new information and the decision not to reopen, this Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments is prepared. A list of reference sources is provided after each ingredient re-review summary that updates the available published literature and includes any unpublished data made available since the original safety assessment. The re-review also captures information on the industry's current practices of ingredient use, updating the data available in the earlier report. Although this material provides the opinion of the CIR Expert Panel regarding the new data described, it does not constitute a full safety review. The CIR Expert Panel has assessed the safety of over 2100 cosmetic ingredients since its inception in 1976. These safety assessments were published in the

Safety Assessment of Vitis vinifera (Grape)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics

“…Acetic acid Safe as used ( 0.0004% in leave-ons; 0.3% in rinse-offs) 4 Ascorbic acid Safe as used ( 10% in leave-ons; 5% in rinse-offs) 5 Benzoic acid Safe as used ( 5% in leave-ons; 5% in rinse-offs; 0.08% in diluted for [bath] use formulations) 6 Benzyl alcohol Safe as used ( 3% in leave-ons; 10% in rinse-offs; 0.9% in diluted for [bath] use formulations) 6 Biotin Safe as used ( 0.6% in leave-ons; 0.01% in rinse-offs) 7 Cholesterol Safe as used ( 5% in leave-ons; 1% in rinse-offs) 8 Citric acid Safe as used ( 4% in leave-ons; 10% in rinse-offs; 39% in diluted for [bath] use formulations) 9 Fumaric acid Safe as used ( 0.2% in leave-ons; 0.2% in rinse-offs; 5% in diluted for [bath] use formulations) 10 Lactic acid Safe for use at 10%, final formulation pH !3.5, when formulated to avoid increasing sun sensitivity or when directions for use include the daily use of sun protection; safe for use in salon products at 30%, final formulation pH !3.0, in products designed for brief, discontinuous use followed by thorough rinsing from the skin, when applied by trained professionals, and when application is accompanied by directions for the daily use of sun protection 11 Malic acid Safe for use as a pH adjuster; insufficient for other uses in cosmetic ingredients 12 Myristic acid Safe as used ( 10% in leave-ons; 19% in rinse-offs) 13 Niacin Safe as used ( 0.1% in leave-ons) 14 Oleic acid Safe as used ( 20% in leave-ons; 19% in rinse-offs) 15,16 Palmitic acid Safe as used ( 16% in leave-ons; 20% in rinse-offs) 15,16 Pantothenic acid Safe as used ( 0.01% in leave-ons: 0.00001% in rinse-offs) 16,17 Salicylic acid Safe as used when formulated to avoid skin irritation and when formulated to avoid increasing the skin's sensitivity to sun, or, when increased sun sensitivity would be expected, directions for use include the daily use of sun protection ( 3% in leave-ons; 3% in rinse-offs) 106 Stearic acid Safe as used ( 22% in leave-ons; 43% in rinse-offs) 15,16 Succinic acid Safe as used ( 0.2% in leave-ons; 26% in rinse-offs) 18 Tocopherol Safe as used ( 2% in leave-ons; 0.4% in rinse-offs; 0.8% in products diluted for use) melatonin in grape skin have ranged from 0.005 to 1.2 ng/g. The stage of growth also affects the amount present.…”

The Irritant Effects of Pharmaceutically Applied Surfactants

“…Hence, the safety of widely used compounds, e.g. of cosmetic ingredients, is extensively studied [4]. However, transdermal drug delivery and dermal application may also lead to such inflammation.…”

Self‐preserving personal care products

“…Antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are commonly used in cosmetic products. These are approved albeit regulated cosmetic ingredients as per Personal Care Products Council (PCPC). Organic acids such as citric acid and tartaric acid are also effective antioxidants.…”