Annual study of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in UK shelf waters

Beale, Rachael; Dixon, Joanna L.; Smyth, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2015.02.013

Cited by 45 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…There is evidence that the ocean can serve as a significant source of acetone to the atmosphere in certain regions and a significant sink in others [ Marandino et al ., ; Tanimoto et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Zhou and Mopper , ]. Several very recent papers have increased our understanding of the ocean‐atmosphere exchange of acetone [ Beale et al ., , ; Dixon et al ., , ; Tanimoto et al ., ; Yang et al ., , ]. Enriched concentrations of acetone have been measured in the surface mixed layer [ Beale et al ., ] and surface microlayer [ Zhou and Mopper , ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitivity analysis of key natural factors in the modeled global acetone budget

et al. 2017

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Acetone is one of the most abundant carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, and it serves as an important source of HOx (OH + HO2) radicals in the upper troposphere and a precursor for peroxyacetyl nitrate. We present a global sensitivity analysis targeted at several major natural source and sink terms in the global acetone budget to find the input factor or factors to which the simulated acetone mixing ratio was most sensitive. The ranges of input factors were taken from literature. We calculated the influence of these factors in terms of their elementary effects on model output. Of the six factors tested here, the four factors with the highest contribution to total global annual model sensitivity are direct emissions of acetone from the terrestrial biosphere, acetone loss to photolysis, the concentration of acetone in the ocean mixed layer, and the dry deposition of acetone to ice‐free land. The direct emissions of acetone from the terrestrial biosphere are globally important in determining acetone mixing ratios, but their importance varies seasonally outside the tropics. Photolysis is most influential in the upper troposphere. Additionally, the influence of the oceanic mixed layer concentrations are relatively invariant between seasons, compared to the other factors tested. Monoterpene oxidation in the troposphere, despite the significant uncertainties in acetone yield in this process, is responsible for only a small amount of model uncertainty in the budget analysis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitivity analysis of key natural factors in the modeled global acetone budget

et al. 2017

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“…Incubations of 10 nM (final concentration) 14 C-labelled methanol with surface seawater samples of 1 ml (methanol dissimilation to CO 2 ) and 320 ml 5 (methanol assimilation into biomass) were used to measure microbial utilisation rates. In situ surface methanol concentrations during the sampling period ranged between 34 and 68 nM (Beale et al 2015), thus our radioisotope additions represent between 15 and 29% of in situ concentrations. Incubations were conducted in triplicate at in situ temperatures and in the dark, together with negative controls 'killed' with 5% w/v trichloroacetic acid, TCA, (final 10 concentration), for dissimilation samples or 0.01% w/v mercuric chloride, HgCl 2 (final concentration) for assimilation samples (due to differences in sample volume).…”

Section: Microbial Methanol Utilisationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Recent direct flux measurements of methanol also demonstrated a consistent flux of methanol from the atmosphere to surface waters along a meridional transect of the remote Atlantic Ocean (Yang 15 et al 2013) and the Greenland Sea (Yang et al 2014b). Methanol is ubiquitous in atmospheric and marine environments where seawater concentrations have been reported ranging between <27 and 429 nM (Williams et al 2004, Kameyama et al 2010, Yang et al 2013, Yang et al 2014b, Beale et al 2015). An annual study in the western English Channel reported surface seawater methanol concentrations ranging between 16 and 20 78 nM over an annual cycle with no obvious seasonality (Beale et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Heikes et al (2002), Singh et al (2003), Williams et al (2004), Beale et al (2013), Beale et al (2015), Yang et al 5 (2014a). Methanol (and other OVOCs) substantially influences the oxidising capacity and ozone-forming potential of the atmosphere (Singh et al 2001 and references therein), where it acts as a sink for hydroxyl radicals (Galbally & Kirstine 2002) producing formaldehyde (Millet et al 2006) and carbon monoxide (Duncan & Logan 2008), among other products and is thus a climate-relevant gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methanol is ubiquitous in atmospheric and marine environments where seawater concentrations have been reported ranging between <27 and 429 nM (Williams et al 2004, Kameyama et al 2010, Yang et al 2013, Yang et al 2014b, Beale et al 2015). An annual study in the western English Channel reported surface seawater methanol concentrations ranging between 16 and 20 78 nM over an annual cycle with no obvious seasonality (Beale et al 2015). Recent analysis of methanol concentrations in rainwater of <6 nM to 9.3 µM suggest that wet deposition could also be a significant source of methanol to the surface ocean (Felix et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Seasonal variability in microbial methanol utilisation in coastal waters of the western English Channel

Sargeant¹,

Murrell²,

Dixon³

2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Methanol is ubiquitous in seawater and the most abundant oxygenated volatile organic compound (OVOC) in the atmosphere where it influences oxidising capacity and ozone formation. Marine methylotrophic bacteria utilise methanol in seawater both as an energy and/or growth substrate. This work represents the first fully resolved seasonal study of marine microbial methanol uptake dynamics. Rates of microbial methanol dissimilation in coastal surface waters of the UK varied between 0.7 – 11.2 nmol l-1 h-1 and reached a maximum in February. Rates of microbial methanol assimilation varied between 0.04 – 2.64 x 10-2 nmol l-1 h-1 and reached a maximum in August. Temporal variability in microbial methanol uptake rates shows that methanol assimilation and dissimilation display opposing seasonal cycles, although overall <1% of methanol was assimilated. Correlative approaches with 16S rRNA pyrosequencing data suggested that bacteria of the SAR11 clade and Rhodobacterales could be significantly influencing rates of methanol dissimilation and assimilation, respectively, at station L4 in the western English Channel

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Biological cycling of volatile organic carbon by phytoplankton and bacterioplankton

Halsey

Giovannoni

Graus

et al. 2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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Acetaldehyde, methanol, acetone, and isoprene are important reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the oceans that partition to the atmosphere in significant amounts. Reports of potentially high rates of VOC turnover in the North Atlantic suggested that both biotic and abiotic processes are involved. The biological basis for VOC cycling by ocean plankton is unknown, but is potentially important because of VOC contributions to carbon cycle budgets and atmospheric chemistry. We designed dynamic stripping chambers that coupled to a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer to measure VOC production and consumption by cultured phytoplankton and bacterioplankton. The diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, produced acetaldehyde in a light‐dependent manner. Acetaldehyde was oxidized by the chemoheterotrophic bacterium, Pelagibacter, at rates that suggest that most acetaldehyde is recycled in the ocean before escaping to the atmosphere. These results show that field observations of acetaldehyde turnover reported previously could be explained by biological activity. Rates of production by phytoplankton cultures of methanol, acetone, and isoprene were also measured. These findings support the conclusion that VOCs are a conduit for carbon transfer directly from phytoplankton to bacterioplankton, with the remainder available for escape to the atmosphere.

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Annual study of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in UK shelf waters

Cited by 45 publications

References 56 publications

A sensitivity analysis of key natural factors in the modeled global acetone budget

A sensitivity analysis of key natural factors in the modeled global acetone budget

Seasonal variability in microbial methanol utilisation in coastal waters of the western English Channel

Biological cycling of volatile organic carbon by phytoplankton and bacterioplankton

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