Anode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries: Mechanisms, Properties, and Perspectives

Abstract

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising safe energy storage systems that have received considerable attention in recent years. Based on the electrochemical behavior of Zn 2+ in the charging and discharging process, herein we review the research progress on anode materials for use in aqueous ZIBs based on two aspects: Zn deposition and Zn 2+ intercalation. To date, Zn dendrite, corrosion, and passivation issues have restricted the development of aqueous ZIBs. However, many strategies have been developed, including structural design, interface protection of the Zn anode, Zn alloying, and using polymer electrolytes. The main aim is to stabilize the Zn stripping/plating layer and limit side reactions. Zn 2+ -intercalated anodes, with a high Zn 2+ storage capacity to replace the current metal Zn anode, are also a potential option. Finally, some suggestions have been put forward for the subsequent optimization strategy, which are expected to promote further development of aqueous ZIBs.

Synergistic Catalysis of SnO2-CNTs Composite for VO2+/VO2+ and V2+/V3+ Redox Reactions

“…With the rapid development of society, humanity is consuming increasingly more natural energy from finite resources, such as coal and natural gas (He G. et al, 2020 ; Wang T. et al, 2020 ; Wang Z.-Y. et al, 2020 ).…”

Micronanostructured Design of Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anodes and Their Applications in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

“…Surface regulation and porous structural design have been proved to be effective measurements, whose functionalities are to form protective layers and homogenize current distribution, respectively. [ 75,76 ]…”

Sandwich Structure of 3D Porous Carbon and Water‐Pillared V2O5 Nanosheets for Superior Zinc‐Ion Storage Properties

“…[4] Metallic Zinc, as the anode of the RAZIBs, has large theoretical specific capacity of 820 mAh g À 1 and theoretical volume capacity of 5855 mAh cm À 3 . [6][7][8] Moreover, metal Zn with a lower redox potential (À 0.76 V) is stable in aqueous solution and air atmosphere (1.2 V). [9,13] Therefore, RAZIBs are considered to be one of the most promising large-scale energy storage devices.…”

“…Therefore, the research and exploration of cathode materials for RAZIBs have attracted the attention of researchers. [10,11] Recently, various cathode materials for RAZIBs, including manganese oxides, [12,[14][15][16] vanadium oxides, [7,17,11,8] Prussian blue and its analogues, cobalt-based materials, [19,20] molybdenum-based materials [21] and some organic materials [22] have been widely studied. Among them, vanadium oxides has attracted wide attention due to its higher theoretical capacity (589 mAh g À 1 ), multivalent states, low cost and abundant reserves.…”

“…RAZIBs use neutral or weakly acidic aqueous solutions as the electrolyte, which is more secure and has a higher ionic conductivity than the organic electrolyte [4] . Metallic Zinc, as the anode of the RAZIBs, has large theoretical specific capacity of 820 mAh g −1 and theoretical volume capacity of 5855 mAh cm −3 [6–8] . Moreover, metal Zn with a lower redox potential (−0.76 V) is stable in aqueous solution and air atmosphere (1.2 V) [9,13] .…”