Anodic oxidation of carbon fibers in alkaline and acidic electrolyte: Quantification of surface functional groups by gas-phase derivatization

Bauer, Matthias; Beratz, Sergej; Ruhland, Klaus; Horn, S.; Moosburger‐Will, Judith

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144947

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although CFs and MWCNTs are inert carbon materials, the surface of commercially available CFs is intentionally oxidized to enhance the adhesive interface and that of MWCNT also includes oxygen by the presence of oxygen impurities [ 7 , 9 , 15 , 16 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. The most typical reaction-available acid functional groups by oxidation are COOH and phenol OH.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Carbon Fiber for Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Composites

et al. 2022

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The surface of carbon fibers (CFs) is often modified by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the effect of the interface on the mechanical properties has been reported mostly for epoxy matrices. We achieved effective surface modification of CFs by a simple two-step process to graft a large amount of MWCNTs using a highly reactive polymer to enhance the bonding between CFs and MWCNTs. The first step was the reactive mono-molecular coating of a reactive polymer (poly-2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline; Pipozo) that has high reactivity with COOH from CFs and MWCNTs. The high reactivity between the oxazoline group and COOH or phenol OH was confirmed for low-molecular-weight reactions. The second step was the coating of MWCNTs from a dispersion in a solvent. This simple process resulted in a substantial amount of MWCNTs strongly bonded to CF, even after washing. The MWCNTs grafted onto CFs remained even after melt-mixing. The effect on the interface, i.e., physical anchoring, led to an improvement of the mechanical properties. The novelty of the present study is that Pipozo acted as a molecular bonding layer between CFs and MWCNTs as a physical anchoring structure formed by a simple process, and the interface caused a 20% improvement in the tensile strength and modulus. This concept of a composite having a physical anchoring structure of MWCNTs on CFs has potential applications for lightweight thermoplastics, such as in the automotive industry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Carbon Fiber for Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Composites

et al. 2022

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“…From these data, it was found that the surface functional groups of the carbon fibers were mainly composed of C-C, -OH, -C ¼ O and COOH/ COOR. 33 Typical XPS spectrum of the C 1s peak region at 284.6 eV deconvoluted into surface functional group contributions were shown in Figure 3 was better than supercritical water for increasing surface functional groups of carbon fibers.…”

Section: Surface Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 95%

Enhanced interfacial property of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite based on carbon fiber treated by supercritical water/nitrate system

Cao

2021

Journal of Composite Materials

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Carbon fibers were surface treated with supercritical water/nitrate system to improve the interfacial adhesion of the carbon fiber/epoxy composite. The surface chemistry analysis showed that oxygen functional groups on the surface of the carbon fibers increased after treatment, which were mainly carbonyl and carboxyl groups. The surface microstructure observation indicated that the treatment obviously increased the surface roughness of the carbon fibers. Surface energy of the treated carbon fibers also increased. The increased functional groups, surface roughness and surface energy were beneficial to enhance the interfacial adhesion of the carbon fiber/epoxy composite. Compared with the untreated carbon fibers, the strength loss of the treated carbon fibers was less than 3% and the other mechanical properties were almost unchanged. The caclulated interfacial fracture energy and the interfacial shear strength of the treated carbon fiber/epoxy composite were enhanced by 19% and 29%, respectively, compared with the untreated carbon fiber/epoxy composite. In summary, supercritical water/nitrate treatment is a potential method for changing the inert surface of carbon fibers to improve the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and matrix.

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“…Therefore, the surface modi cation strategy is used to improve the performance of the interfacial compatibility and combination strength between CF and resin, thereby enhancing the comprehensive performance of the composite material. At present, many surface treatment methods have been proposed, mainly including surface oxidation (wet oxidation 19 , electrochemical oxidation 20,21 ), plasma treatment 22 , surface sizing 23,24 , chemical vapor deposition 25 and the enhancement based on nanomaterials 26,27 . Most of the above-mentioned functionalized methods increase the surface energy and reactive functional groups of CFs, the interfacial strength between carbon ber and epoxy resin is enhanced further.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Ti3C2Tx/Carbon fiber hybrids for enhancing the interfacial strength and erosion wear resistance of EP-based composite coating

Chen

Zhao

2023

Carbon

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Anodic oxidation of carbon fibers in alkaline and acidic electrolyte: Quantification of surface functional groups by gas-phase derivatization

Cited by 29 publications

References 58 publications

Surface Modification of Carbon Fiber for Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Composites

Surface Modification of Carbon Fiber for Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Composites

Enhanced interfacial property of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite based on carbon fiber treated by supercritical water/nitrate system

Constructing Ti3C2Tx/Carbon fiber hybrids for enhancing the interfacial strength and erosion wear resistance of EP-based composite coating

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