Anodic oxide films on aluminum

Diggle, John W.; Downie, T. C.; Goulding, Christopher

doi:10.1021/cr60259a005

Cited by 1,173 publications

(940 citation statements)

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“…12,19,29 The dissolution reaction (Al 2 O 3 + 6H + → 3H 2 O + 2Al 3+ ) only takes place at the electrolyte/oxide interface, which cannot supply charge carriers to establish a conductive path between two interfaces (electrolyte/oxide and oxide/Al interfaces). 29 That is to say, the so-called dissolution current across the barrier oxide layer is impossible to be formed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have proposed that the formation of oxide film is determined by J ion , and J e gives rise to the evolution of oxygen gas which is responsible to the pore formation. 2,16,17,28 The ionic current (J ion ) and the electric field strength (E) are related through the exponential law 13,19 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results showed that acid solutions induce the formation of porous-type anodic alumina (PAA), while the barrier-type anodic alumina (BAA) can only be obtained in neutral solution, which is independent of the aluminum surface morphologies. 18,19 It is commonly accepted that the porous structures are initiated by roughening of the oxide/electrolyte (O/E) interface during anodization. 13 Oh and Thompson proposed that the mechanical instability in the oxide film accounts for the initial roughening of the oxide film at O/E interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology Defects Guided Pore Initiation during the Formation of Porous Anodic Alumina

Yang

Huang

Lin

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Aluminum (Al) anodization leads to formation of porous structures with a broad spectrum of applications. Naturally or intentionally created defects on Al surfaces can greatly affect pore initiation. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding on the defect dependent morphology evolution. In this paper, anodization processes on unpolished, polished, and nanoimprinted Al substrates are investigated under high voltages up to 600 V in various acid solutions. A porous structure is obtained on the unpolished and nanoimprinted Al foils with rough surface texture, whereas a compact film can be rationally obtained on the polished Al foil with a highly smooth surface. The observation of surface roughness dependent oxide film morphology evolution could be originated from the high voltages, which increases the threshold requirement of defect size or density for the pore initiation. Electrostatics simulation results indicate that inhomogeneous electric field and its corresponding localized high current induced by the surface roughness facilitate the initiation of nanopores. In addition, the porous films are utilized as templates to produce polydimethylsiloxane nanocone and submicrowire arrays. The nanoarrays with different aspect ratios present tunable wettability with the contact angles ranging from 144.6°to 56.7°, which hold promising potentials in microfluidic devices and self-cleaning coatings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology Defects Guided Pore Initiation during the Formation of Porous Anodic Alumina

Yang

Huang

Lin

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The CNTs synthesized by conventional methods of arc discharge, laser ablation, and CVD [83][84][85] are usually cap-closed. Because the nanochannels of AAO films can be either one-side open or both-side open [30,31,86], the cap structure of AAO-CNTs can be controlled with good uniformity by selecting different types of AAO templates [33,38]. [87][88][89][90][91].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cnts By the Aao Template Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method

et al. 2011

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One of the most unique structural characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) differentiating from other carbon materials is their hollow nanochannles, which can be utilized for encapsulating and loading foreign matters. The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template technique enables the diameter, length, and cap structure control of the replicated CNTs, and thus shows advantages in pore structure control over the traditional CNT growth approaches. This review details the synthesis of CNTs with tunable diameter, length, wall thickness, and crystalline by using the AAO template method. The doping of heteroatoms and filling of foreign matters into AAO-CNTs are also addressed. Moreover, the main challenges and developing trends of the AAO template method are discussed.carbon nanotubes (CNTs), anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template method, controllability Citation:Hou P X, Liu C, Shi C, et al. Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method.

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“…equilibrium between the growth rate of the alumina and its dissolution in the acidic electrolyte. The hexagonal self-order of the pores can be explained by the repulsive forces due to the volume expansion associated with the anodization process (14). By appropriate selection of the process conditions, films with pore diameters between Ͻ10 nm up to 2 m, pore density between 10 8 and 10 11 pores cm Ϫ2 , and film thickness up to 200 m can be prepared (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template Deposition of Metals

Ugo

Moretto

2007

Handbook of Electrochemistry

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Template synthesis is a relatively simple and easy procedure which has made the fabrication of rather sophisticated nanomaterials accessible to almost any laboratory. Template synthesis requires access to instrumentation capable of metal sputtering and electrochemical deposition. The characterization of the fabricated nanostructures can be done using instrumental techniques including spectrophotometry, voltammetry, optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electronic microscopies (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)).The method is based on the simple but effective idea that the pores of a host material can be used as a template to direct the growth of new materials. Historically, template synthesis was introduced by Possin (1) and refined by Williams and Giordano (2) who prepared different metallic nanowires with widths as small as 10 nm within the pores of etched nuclear damaged tracks in mica. It was further developed by Martin's group (3-5) and followed by others (6) with the number of examples and applications (7) continually increasing. The nanoporous membranes usually employed as templates are alumina or track-etched polymeric membranes which are widely used as ultrafiltration membranes. Recently, metal nanostructures have also been obtained using the pores created by self-assembly in block copolymer structures under the influence of electric fields and high temperatures (8, 9).The first part of this section focuses on the main characteristics and fabrication techniques used for obtaining templating membranes and depositing metal nanostructures by suitable electroless and electrochemical procedures. Methods such as sol-gel (10-12) or chemical vapor deposition (10, 13), which have been used primarily for the template deposition of carbon, oxides, or semiconducting-based materials, will not be considered here in detail. The second part of the section focuses on the electrochemical properties of the fabricated nanomaterials with emphasis on the characteristics and applications of nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs). Templating membranes 16.2.2

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Anodic oxide films on aluminum

Cited by 1,173 publications

References 28 publications

Morphology Defects Guided Pore Initiation during the Formation of Porous Anodic Alumina

Morphology Defects Guided Pore Initiation during the Formation of Porous Anodic Alumina

Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method

Template Deposition of Metals

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