Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of antimony in gunshot residue

Briner, R. C.; Chouchoiy, Supaporn; Webster, Randall W; Popham, R.E.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)82590-8

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The ability to establish whether an individual has discharged a firearm in the field would be of great use to forensic investigations to arrest a suspect or distinguish between suicide and homicide 9. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are the current techniques of choice in most forensic laboratories 10, 11. However, these techniques are time‐consuming and require high levels of expertise.…”

Section: Electroanalysis Of Gunshot Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

O’Mahony

Wang

2013

Electroanalysis

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Current demands for detection of Gunshot Residue (GSR) require a reliable and rapid decentralized detection system with high sensitivity and specificity. This article reviews the use of electrochemical devices for GSR detection over the last 35 years and highlights recent advances associated with the demands of GSR field detection such as portability, speed, cost and power. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has been widely implemented for the detection of the metallic components of GSR at a variety of working electrodes. Efforts toward the detection of the organic components of GSR have also been reported using cyclic-and square-wave voltammetry. The simultaneous detection of both organic and inorganic GSR constituents has recently been examined to increase the overall information content in a single voltammetric scan. As well as this, exploitation of screen-printing fabrication allows replacement of conventional electrochemical cells with easy-to-use sensor strips Sampling methods for electrochemical GSR analysis are also advancing from acid washes or swabs to simpler abrasive methods which integrate sampling and analysis obviating the need for intermediate processing steps. The latest direction of electrochemical detection of GSR involves chemometric treatment to evaluate data allowing for more objective conclusions and increasing the automation of the system. These advances indicate great promise for investigating firearm-related crimes, and bring significant changes to the detection of GSR making electroanalysis a powerful tool for decentralized forensic analysis.

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Section: Electroanalysis Of Gunshot Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

O’Mahony

Wang

2013

Electroanalysis

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“…Several others techniques have also been evaluated to determine elements in gunshot residues collected from a specific area of a hand, each exhibiting advantages and drawbacks, such as neutron activation analysis (NAA), 18 flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), 19 graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), 20 anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), 21 differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), 22 proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), 23 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 24,25 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), 26 photoluminescence spectroscopy 27 and fluorescence microscopy. 28 Due to the need for a rapid and sensitive method at low cost, there has been great interest in alternative methods capable of furnishing simultaneous elemental analysis of higher specificity for gunshot residue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gunshot residues: screening analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Silva¹,

Cortez²,

Pasquini³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A espectroscopia de emissão em plasma induzido por laser (LIBS) foi avaliada para a detecção de resíduos de disparo de arma de fogo (GSR) nas mãos de um suspeito. Para desenvolver o procedimento, 114 amostras foram obtidas pressionando um pequeno pedaço de fita adesiva contra a região dorsal das mãos de não-atiradores, atiradores após o disparo e de atiradores após terem lavado as mãos com sabão e água. As fitas foram analisadas diretamente em um equipamento LIBS baseado em um policromador echelle com resolução temporal construído em laboratório. Os espectros foram obtidos a partir da aplicação de um único pulso de laser em 20 locações diferentes, espalhadas uniformemente sobre a superfície da fita, para assegurar uma amostragem eficiente na detecção de resíduos de disparo. Os espectros mostram uma assinatura com linhas de emissão características de bário e chumbo. Quando os dados espectrais foram submetidos à técnica de reconhecimento de padrão SIMCA (Modelagem Independente e Flexível por Analogia de Classe), atiradores e não-atiradores foram corretamente classificados. O método baseado em LIBS e SIMCA demonstrou ser não-destrutivo da evidência do crime e permitiu discriminar as amostras coletadas de voluntários não-atiradores e atiradores, mesmo após a lavagem das mãos.Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is further developed for the detection of gunshot residue (GSR) on the hands of a suspected shooter. To develop the procedure, 114 samples were obtained by pressing a small piece of adhesive tape against the dorsal region of the hands of nonshooters, of shooters just after firing a weapon, and of shooters after washing their hands with soap and water. The tapes were analyzed directly in a time-resolved echelle based LIBS system, assembled in the laboratory, and 20 single laser pulses, spread uniformly on the tape surface, were shown to be enough to ensure the detection of true positives. The spectra obtained by LIBS from the tape present a signature with emission lines that are attributed to barium and lead. After the spectral data was submitted to a pattern recognition method SIMCA (Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy), shooters and non-shooters were corrected classified. The method based on LIBS and SIMCA has been demonstrated to be non-destructive of crime evidence and enabled discrimination between the samples collected from non-shooter volunteers and shooter volunteers before and after washing their hands.Keywords: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, gunshot residues, SIMCA, screening analysis, LIBS IntroductionGunshot residues (GSR) evidence has been considered essential during recent decades in forensic science as it makes it possible to determine if a suspect has fired, been in crime location or come into contact with a firearm.Despite the recent advances in the production of the so called clean ammunitions and well sealed guns, the use of cheap and widespread standard fire arms and propulsive charge remains associated with the majority of hand-armed crimes.1 At the moment of shooting ...

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“…Additionally, the detection limit can be improved by purging the injected solutions and the cell with N 2 , but this will lower speed and simplicity and FIA-ASV with on-line degassing [47] may become advantageous. When the simultaneous determination of minor components like Sb or Ba in GSR is a must, then slower conventional batch ASV protocols described in the literature [31,32] with longer convective accumulation of the analytes at the HMDE or MFE/GC is to be preferred.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Mapping of Gunshot Residues by Batch Injection Analysis with Anodic Stripping Voltammetry of Lead at the Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode

Donato

Gutz

2005

Electroanalysis

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The forensic analysis of lead in gunshot residues (GSR) sampled on the hands of potential shooters is rendered faster, simpler and less expensive by a new batch injection analysis (BIA) method, based on differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). A simple "J" shaped adaptor was designed to direct the flux of the analyte injected with a micropipettor onto the hanging mercury drop electrode of any commercial electrode stand. Sampling methods for GSR were compared and lifting with adhesive tape was elected for field use. The tapes are glued on polyethylene screens and stored in capped vials. Sampling with multiple strips provides coarse mapping of the distribution of lead on the shooters hands. After a dissolution/extraction step with chloroform/aqueous 0.10 mol L À1 HCl, 100 mL of the aqueous phase are injected during 25 s for accumulation of lead on the HMDE at À 0.60 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). A detection limit of 20 ng/mL of Pb(II), outreaching for GSR analysis, is reached without oxygen removal, at a frequency of 20 injections per hour. Results for sequences of shootings with a revolver and a pistol are presented.

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Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of antimony in gunshot residue

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

Gunshot residues: screening analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Fast Mapping of Gunshot Residues by Batch Injection Analysis with Anodic Stripping Voltammetry of Lead at the Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode

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