Anodic stripping voltammetry using graphite composite solid electrode

Abstract

Dedicated to the memory of Professor Jaroslav Heyrovský on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Nobel Prize for polarography.A graphite (carbon) composite solid electrode, prepared from graphite powder and epoxy resin, was used as a working electrode for anodic stripping voltammetry. The underpotential deposition effect, which appears at metallic electrodes, was clearly observed on this type of electrode as well. In the case of a simultaneous deposition of two metals on the surface of the composite solid electrode, the anodic dissolution of the metal, which is anodically dissolved at more negative potentials, is substantially influenced by the presence of the other deposited metal. This effect was exploited for the determination of lead in the presence of other metals by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The article presents possible applicability of such a type of very simple composite electrode to studies of the underpotential deposition effect as well as for analytical purposes.

Proposal for a mercury isolation procedure using cold vapor method in combination with voltammetric determination using a rotating gold electrode

“…The same phenomenon was observed also for the gold composite electrodes as seen in paper [26], where the authors propose electrochemical cycling for renewing and activation of the composite electrode surface. The effects of gold electrode surface changeability on mercury determination were solved in detail in [27].…”

Defect‐Rich CoP/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Composites Derived from a Metal–Organic Framework: High‐Performance Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

“…Many kinds of substances may be used as a non‐conductive phase. The most commonly used substances are cellulose gel 6, polystyrene 2, epoxy resin 7, polyvinylchloride 8, or polyester 9.…”

“…The working carbon electrodes based on composite materials can be used as voltammetric sensors for the determination of inorganic analytes 3,24, as well as organic compounds 6, 25. Nowadays, the development of the methods for the determination of carbohydrates 7, biometabolites 13 or anticancer drugs 26 is on the rise.…”

Nontraditional Electrode Materials in Environmental Analysis of Biologically Active Organic Compounds

“…Analytical applications of solid composite electrode are wide-spread. They can be used as amperometric sensors [122,149,152], in voltammetry [125,149,152], in potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) [142], HPLC-ED [134], FIA-ED [126,137,151], in luminescence techniques [153] or CZE-ED [154]. The measurements can be realized in aqueous [155] as well in nonaqueous solutions [33].…”