Anodizing of AA6082-T5 by conventional and innovative treatments: Microstructural characterization and dry sliding behaviour

Sola, Ramona; Tonelli, Lavinia; Shashkov, P.; Bogdanoff, Toni; Martini, Carla

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2020.203423

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Among these, the highest L c1 and L c2 are both registered for the GP-treated surfaces. All values of the critical loads are lower than those recorded for traditional and innovative treatments performed on AA6082 alloy [24,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Dry Sliding Behavior of an Aluminum Alloy after Innovative Hard Anodizing Treatments

et al. 2021

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This work evaluates the dry sliding behavior of anodic aluminum oxides (AAO) formed during one traditional hard anodizing treatment (HA) and two golden hard anodizing treatments (named G and GP, respectively) on a EN AW-6060 aluminum alloy. Three different thicknesses of AAO layers were selected: 25, 50, and 100 μm. Prior to wear tests, microstructure and mechanical properties were determined by scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM/EDS), X-ray diffractometry, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT-FTIR) spectroscopy, roughness, microhardness, and scratch tests. Wear tests were carried out by a pin-on-disc tribometer using a steel disc as the counterpart material. The friction coefficient was provided by the equipment. Anodized pins were weighed before and after tests to assess the wear rate. Worn surfaces were analyzed by VPSEM/EDS and DRITF-FTIR. Based on the results, the GP-treated surfaces with a thickness of 50 μm exhibit the lowest friction coefficients and wear rates. In any case, a tribofilm is observed on the wear tracks. During sliding, its detachment leads to delamination of the underlying anodic aluminum oxides and to abrasion of the aluminum substrate. Finally, the best tribological performance of G- and GP-treated surfaces may be related to the existence of a thin Ag-rich film at the coating/aluminum substrate interfaces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Dry Sliding Behavior of an Aluminum Alloy after Innovative Hard Anodizing Treatments

et al. 2021

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“…In the present investigation, the authors fabricate an oxide layer with a thickness ranged from 50 μm, which is designed as protective coatings that can be applied to metals. A relatively thick oxide layer of 50 μm was formed at a constant current density of 15 A/dm 2 with fluctuating voltage at 15‐V maximum 36–39 . The frequency and duty cycle of the anodizing process were 0.025 Hz and 75%, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A relatively thick oxide layer of 50 μm was formed at a constant current density of 15 A/dm 2 with fluctuating voltage at 15-V maximum. [36][37][38][39] The frequency and duty cycle of the anodizing process were 0.025 Hz and 75%, respectively. The AA2017-T4 Al alloy substrate was used as the anode and 316 L stainless-steel plate with a dimension of 30 mm Â 60 mm was used as the cathode.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pulse current on surface properties of aluminum oxide coating containing graphite

Ghazazi

Liza

Ishimatsu

et al. 2023

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Anodizing is widely used as a surface treatment for aluminum alloy to improve its surface properties by increasing the thickness of the oxide layer. Generally, conventional anodizing by direct current (DC) produced high porosity and micro‐cracks. Utilizing pulse current (PC) as a power source and graphite particles as reinforcement for the oxide layer may solve these problems. Therefore, the present work aims to study the effect of the combination approaches on coating growth and the surface characteristics of the oxide coating. The graphite‐incorporated composite oxide coating on the AA2017‐T4 Al alloy was developed by DC and PC hard anodizing process. The surface morphology, topography, chemical composition, and surface hardness were evaluated. In PC anodizing, the growth rate of oxide layer was slower (0.59 μm/min) than DC anodizing (1.08 μm/min). The surface pores start to develop at the 30th minute compared to DC, which is the 20th minute. At 60 min, the formation of porous composite oxide coating is complete with pore dimension (width: 46.74 ± 19.96 μm and depth: 7.11 ± 2.57 μm) and thickness of 35.20 ± 8.90 μm for PC, whereas for DC pore dimension (width: 81.03 ± 21.60 μm and depth: 17.16 ± 4.31 μm) and thickness of 64.80 ± 23.69 μm. Surface roughness and hardness of composite oxide coating by PC were measured at about 1.90 ± 0.04 μm and 379.10 ± 4.37 HV, respectively. Meanwhile, the DC reveals a significant increase in roughness (4.28 ± 0.25 μm) and a decrease in hardness (302.75 ± 1.09 HV). The introduction of graphite particles with PC anodizing reduces the surface porosity, microcracks and enhances the surface hardness of oxide coating.

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“…Several studies describe the characterisation of MAO coatings crystallinity. Friable layers are the most studied and contain a majority of gamma alumina, alpha alumina [79][80][81], and some find mullite [82,83], and delta alumina [84]. One study focused on the dense layer exposed by mechanical grinding [85].…”

Section: Composition Of Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Arcs Oxidation Layer Formation on Aluminium and Coatings Tribological Properties—A Review

et al. 2023

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This review proposes to carry out a state-of-the-art associated with micro-arc oxidation. Firstly, the different aspects of the growth mechanisms of the oxides are detailed. Then, the formation of micro-arcs and the case of soft-spark treatment are discussed. Then, the electrolytic reactions involved in the layer construction are outlined. We focused on the influence of aluminium alloys on the appearance of the coating and its characteristics before considering the electrolyte formulation. We have concentrated some of our efforts on silicate-based electrolytes, mainly used in research and industry. The importance of electrical parameters in layer formation is detailed later. The main factors studied in the literature are the current source, current density, treatment frequency and duration, and duty cycle. We have also noted the different phase compositions identified in the literature. Finally, since the process is particularly advantageous for protecting the surfaces of aluminium parts against wear, we conclude this review by presenting work on the tribological properties of this coating. In this final section, we highlight the work on the wear-reducing properties and tribological mechanisms identified in the literature. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the nature of the substrates used, the role of the electrolyte and the counterpart choice on the friction and wear results.

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Anodizing of AA6082-T5 by conventional and innovative treatments: Microstructural characterization and dry sliding behaviour

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Dry Sliding Behavior of an Aluminum Alloy after Innovative Hard Anodizing Treatments

Dry Sliding Behavior of an Aluminum Alloy after Innovative Hard Anodizing Treatments

Effect of pulse current on surface properties of aluminum oxide coating containing graphite

Micro-Arcs Oxidation Layer Formation on Aluminium and Coatings Tribological Properties—A Review

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