Anomalies of Systemic Venous Connections, Persistence of the Right Venous Valve and Silent Cardiovascular Causes of Cyanosis

Transcatheter closure of an anomalous venous connection by a novel method

“…An isolated LSVC connecting to the left atrium generally results in right to left shunting and cyanosis, and places the patient at risk for paradoxical emboli [1,2]. In our patient, there was also evidence of left to right shunting across the LSVC.…”

“…Isolated persistent left superior vena cavae (LSVC) connecting to the left atrium, although rare, are welldescribed [1,2]. Although surgical ligation is an effective therapy, transcatheter approaches avoid the need for the incision, pain, anesthesia, and hospitalization associated with surgery.…”

An Unusual Cause of Stroke—the Importance of Saline Contrast Echocardiography

“…PLSVC was found to occur in 0.3% of the population in a nonselective autopsy of >4,000 individuals 7 . In patients with congenital heart disease the prevalence is higher ranging from 2% to 10% 8,9 .…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] PLSVC was found to occur in 0.3% of the population in a nonselective autopsy of >4,000 individuals. 7 In patients with congenital heart disease the prevalence is higher ranging from 2% to 10%. 8,9 A PLSVC represents persistence of the left cardinal veins, which normally involutes during development.…”