Anomalous Acid Reaction Rates in Carbonate Reservoir Rocks

Taylor, K.C.; Nasr‐El‐Din, Hisham A.; Mehta, S.

doi:10.2118/89417-pa

Cited by 66 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…More details on this instrument and the experimental procedure were given by Taylor et al 15,20,25 Calcite disks with a diameter of 1.5 inches and a thickness of 0.65 inch were soaked in 0.1 N HCl for nearly 30 minutes then thoroughly rinsed with distilled water before mounting them in the rotating disk instrument. According to Fredd and Fogler,23 this procedure greatly improves the reproducibility of dissolution rate data with the rotating disk instrument.…”

Section: The Rotating Disk Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The dissolution rate was calculated from the slope of the first few points in plots of calcium concentration and reaction time. The initial surface area of the disk was also used to determine the dissolution rate.…”

Section: Measurements Of Calcite Dissolution Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This instrument has been extensively used to investigate the reaction of acids and chelating agents with carbonate rocks. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] It has been also used to study mass and heat transfer into non-Newtonian fluids. [16][17][18] The reaction between acid and rock is a three-step process involving:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction Kinetics of Gelled Acids With Calcite

Nasr‐El‐Din

Al-Mohammed

Al-Aamri

et al. 2006

International Oil &Amp; Gas Conference and Exhibition in China

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractHydrochloric acid is used to stimulate carbonate formations (both matrix and fracturing treatments). However, the reaction rate of the acid with carbonate minerals, especially calcite, is very fast. In addition, the viscosity of HCl solution is relatively low. Acid-soluble polymers are usually added to the acid to increase its viscosity, which is needed to enhance acid diversion during matrix acidizng and reduce acid leak-off rate during acid fracturing. Gelled acid is extensively used in matrix and acid fracturing treatments performed in carbonate formations. However, a few studies have evaluated the impact of these polymers on the reaction rate of the acid. This paper uses a rotating disk instrument to measure the reaction rate of gelled acids with calcite rocks. Measurements were conducted over a temperature range of 25 to 65ºC, a pressure of 1,000 psi, and rotational speeds of 100 to 1,000 rpm. Acid formulations that are typically used in the field were examined. Polymer concentration was varied from 0.5 to 2 wt%. The apparent viscosity of the gelled acid was measured using a Brookfield viscometer. Measurements were done for the same solutions tested with the rotating disk instrument. The temperature was varied from 25 to 100ºC, while the pressure was maintained at 300 psi. The shear rate was varied from 57 to 1,700 s -1 .The results obtained indicated that the apparent viscosity increased notably as the concentration of polymer increased from 0.5 to 1.5 wt%. On the other hand, there is significant decrease in the dissolution rates as the concentration of polymer was increased from 0.5 to 1.5 wt%, where there was no measure difference as the concentration increased to 2 wt%. Reverse and toroidal flows were noted within the rotational spends examined. The etching pattern on the surface of the disk depends, among other factors, on the disk rotational speed and polymer concentration. The dissolution rate was found to be a function of temperature, rotational spend and polymer concentration.

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Section: The Rotating Disk Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements Of Calcite Dissolution Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction Kinetics of Gelled Acids With Calcite

Nasr‐El‐Din

Al-Mohammed

Al-Aamri

et al. 2006

International Oil &Amp; Gas Conference and Exhibition in China

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“…The method of acid-rock reaction simulation test is undoubtedly important for the study of surface reaction kinetics. So far, the test methods used to study the acid-rock reaction include static dissolution, plate flow, hollow core reaction and circulation flow reaction [21][22][23][24], etc. The experiment methods mentioned above either lack the consideration of the influence of mass transfer on reaction system or assume the acid flow to be laminar flow, or fail to simulate the formation condition (High temperature and high pressure), so the test results lack reliability in some way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Acid–Rock Reaction Kinetics Under High Temperature and Pressure Conditions Based on the Rotating Disk Instrument

Feng

Liu

et al. 2014

Arab J Sci Eng

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In this paper, a rotating disk instrument was used to simulate the acid-rock reaction under high temperature and pressure reservoir conditions. By changing the reaction temperature, pressure, rotational speed and acid concentration, the reaction rate was measured first, and then the reaction parameters such as reaction rate constant, reaction order and effective mass transfer coefficient of H + were analyzed through data processing and regression analysis; reaction kinetics equation was therefore obtained, and the effect of various factors on the acid-rock reaction rate were also analyzed. Test results indicated the following: Acidrock reaction rate increased first and then decreased with acid concentration; minimum value of H + effective mass transfer coefficient was found with the variation of rotational Reynolds number; the effect of pressure can be neglected when the pressure is above 6 MPa; reaction rate increases with the increase of reaction temperature, which shortened the effective time for acid reaction, but the conductivity can be enhanced by non-uniform etching.Keywords Multiphase reaction · Reaction kinetics · High temperature and high pressure · Rotating disk instrument · Acidizing The project was supported by the highlights discipline construction projects funded science foundation for young teachers.

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“…Taylor et al (14,15) examined in detail the relationship between acid reaction rates and rock mineralogy for a deep, dolomitic gas reservoir. Their results showed that mineralogy significantly affected acid reaction rate, and that clay contents as low as 1 wt% could reduce the apparent reaction rate of limestone reservoir rock by up to a factor of 25.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Acid Reaction Rates With the Rotating Disk Apparatus)

Taylor¹,

Nasr-El-Din²

2007

Canadian International Petroleum Conference

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The authors have published several papers on the rotating disk apparatus (RDA) in recent years. The RDA is used to measure acid reaction rates, reaction order and activation energy of acidizing fluids with carbonate reservoir rock. This paper summarizes the different ways that acid reaction rates are measured, the factors that affect the results and why this is important when modelling acid stimulation treatments in the field.In particular, experimental procedures used to obtain acid reaction rates vary widely and can produce very different results. These procedures are often not well-documented in the literature. The validity of different experimental procedures are carefully compared in this paper.In addition to experimental concerns, the reactivity of reservoir rock can also vary widely. It was recently reported that the reactivity of reservoir rock toward acid is strongly affected by mineralogy and by mineral impurities.In particular, clay impurities in calcite rock were found to reduce the dissolution rate by nearly an order of magnitude. Some calcite rocks containing small amounts of clay particles showed acid reactivity similar to that of 100 wt% dolomite.Acidizing additives such as polymers and corrosion inhibitors have been shown to significantly affect the way that acid reacts with the reservoir rock.

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Anomalous Acid Reaction Rates in Carbonate Reservoir Rocks

Cited by 66 publications

References 19 publications

Reaction Kinetics of Gelled Acids With Calcite

Reaction Kinetics of Gelled Acids With Calcite

Study of Acid–Rock Reaction Kinetics Under High Temperature and Pressure Conditions Based on the Rotating Disk Instrument

Measurement of Acid Reaction Rates With the Rotating Disk Apparatus)

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