Anomalous anomalies from virtual black holes

Abstract

We investigate gravitational UV/IR mixing models that predict a breakdown of low energy effective field theory, from loop-level, non-local gravitational corrections to particle processes. We determine how the choice of IR cutoff in these theories alters predictions for lepton magnetic moments. Using Brookhaven E821 muon magnetic moment data, we exclude models of UV/IR mixing with an IR cutoff set by a spherical volume enclosing the experiment. On the other hand, an IR cutoff defined by the simply-connected spatial volume containing the trajectories of the muons, implies a correction to the muon magnetic moment which may have already been observed.

Perturbative method for mutual information and thermal entropy of scalar quantum fields

“…However, this only applies if the other method we propose works anyway (i.e when the modular Hamiltonian is local) and would be much more difficult. 7 There actually is small error in Casini and Huerta's result: a missing boundary term in equation 7. We did not exposit on it here for space and because the missing term does not affect our final result.…”

“…Casini and Huerta studied the entropy of an n-sphere in a scalar vacuum and among their work they give the explicit formula for the modular Hamiltonian of this state [24]. Comparing equations 7 and 8 in Casini and Huerta's work 7 with our formula for the Modular Hamiltonian in equation (3.10) and defining p(r) = 1 − r 2 we get an expression for h ′ (α 0,Ω,d ) as a differential operator operating on two components ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 of a vector in C.…”

“…This equation is considered to be one hint for developing a theory of quantum gravity. Indeed, the non-extensive nature of the black hole's entropy has been linked to a possible breakdown in local quantum field theory from gravitational effects [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. This and similar inquiries may benefit from further work on the entropy of quantum fields.…”

Material matter effects in gravitational UV/IR mixing

“…CKN calculated the minimum possible correction to the electron g − 2 by simultaneously varying both UV and IR cutoffs [2]. On the other hand, in a companion paper [6], we have found that a straightforward choice for the infrared cutoff Λ IR , leads to interesting and measurable consequences for the muon g − 2. Indeed, we have found that this could serve as an explanation of the anomalous muon g − 2 anomaly observed in the last decade.…”

“…We see that the precision measurements of lepton magnetic moment required to test matter effect gravitational UV/IR mixing lie beyond present experimental capabilities. However, this matter effect would be sought after first finding a larger vacuum gravitational UV/IR mixing effect, which could be found at current experiments [6].…”