Anomalous behavior of bending deformation induced by a magnetic field in a system of ferromagnetic stripes located on an elastomer

Abstract

The effect of anomalous bending in a system of magnetically soft ferromagnetic stripes located on a highly elastic plate of elastomer has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. It was found that the magnetic-field dependences for the bending of plates with ferromagnetic stripes have a critical character with a reproduced hysteresis emerging in the repeated cycles of the magnetic field increasing and decreasing. It was found that the magnetically induced bending has a large magnitude, so that the magnetic moments of the stripes at the bending can be directed almost perpendicularly to the magnetic field. In a strong magnetic field, the effect of stripe orientation is observed, which occurs due to the orienting action of Zeeman interaction. It was shown that the hysteresis phenomenon observed at the bending of a plate with stripes is associated with a strong nonlinearity of magnetostatic interaction between the stripes at their magnetization. The hysteresis recurrence is caused by elastic forces arising at the elastomer bending and competing with magnetostatic dipole-dipole interactions between the stripes. The critical points of transitions between the 'discrete lattice' state of stripes and the state of laterally touching stripes were determined. A model of the phenomenon concerned was proposed which is in good agreement with experimental data.

Critical bending and shape memory effect in magnetoactive elastomers

“…As a result of the nonlinearity of interactions between the particles, a state with touching magnetized particles turns out more stable when the external magnetic field decreases [68]. A similar situation with the hysteresis of bending in a system of magnetic stripes on an elastomer was considered in [43]. In that case, the touching magnetized stripes attempted to sustain bending, which led to hysteresis.…”

“…A similar situation with the hysteresis of bending in a system of magnetic stripes on an elastomer was considered in [43].…”

“…The unique properties of MAEs are of interest when the latter are applied as active dampers allowing a contactless control by means of a magnetic field [29][30][31][32], as stress or strain transducers also controllable by a magnetic field [33], as well as sensors or actuators [34][35][36][37][38]. For robotics [39][40][41][42][43], the shape memory phenomenon in MAEs and the deformations induced in them by magnetic field are of interest.…”

Hard magnetics and soft materials—a synergy

“…Figure 14 illustrates several modeling frameworks employed for the analysis of hMS beams in the existing literature. Consider the following recent studies in hMS beams for further [302][303][304][305][306][307][308][309]. The detailed models for hMS beams serve as an integral part of the broader computational frameworks designed for hMSM characterization and analysis.…”

Bio-Inspired Micro- and Nanorobotics Driven by Magnetic Field

“…Moreover, the use of weak magnetic fields for the in vivo fuel-free actuation of micro- and nanorobots in a number of medical applications is absolutely safe and offers a minimally invasive solution for living organisms [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The transfer of single or collective biomimetic magnetic micro- and nano-objects [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] is straightforward to organize using homogeneous, inhomogeneous, gradient, or rotating magnetic fields [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Usually, magnetic control systems are arrays of coils that create magnetic fields of the required magnitude and spatial configuration [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”