Anomalous biogeochemical conditions in the northern South China Sea during the El‐Niño events between 1997 and 2003

Tseng, Chun‐Mao; Gong, Gwo‐Ching; Wang, L.-W.; Liu, Kon-Kee; Yang, Yiing Jang

doi:10.1029/2009gl038252

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the northeast monsoon alone does not fully elucidate the strong inter-annual variations. For instance, the winter wind speed in El Niño years was 11-20% lower than the climatological mean between 1997 and 2003 [23]. Conversely, the peak value of the mass fluxes in December 2008 was almost three times that in January 2016 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Intrusion Of Wps Seawater Reduces Export Production and Massmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Physical Forcing-Driven Productivity and Sediment Flux to the Deep Basin of Northern South China Sea: A Decadal Time Series Study

Lui

Chen

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:Understanding the driving forces of absorption of anthropogenic CO 2 by the oceans is critical for a sustainable ocean carbon cycle. Decadal sinking particle flux data collected at 1000 m, 2000 m, and 3500 m at the South East Asia Time Series Study (SEATS) Station (18 • N, 116 • E), which was located in the northern South China Sea (nSCS), show that the fluxes undergo strong seasonal and interannual variability. Changes in the flux data are correlated with the satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration, indicating that the mass fluxes of the sinking particles are largely controlled by the export production at or near the SEATS station. The cooling of seawater and the strengthening of wind in winter increase the nutrient inventories in the euphotic zone, thus also increasing export production in the nSCS. This study reveals that the intrusion of low-nutrient seawater from the West Philippine Sea into the nSCS significantly reduces the productivity, and hence the flux, of sinking particles.

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Section: Intrusion Of Wps Seawater Reduces Export Production and Massmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The winter bloom is widely recognized to be triggered by the increased nutrient inventory under the influence of the strong northeast monsoon [11,[23][24][25]. However, the northeast monsoon alone does not fully elucidate the strong inter-annual variations.…”

Section: Intrusion Of Wps Seawater Reduces Export Production and Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Forcing-Driven Productivity and Sediment Flux to the Deep Basin of Northern South China Sea: A Decadal Time Series Study

Lui

Chen

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…However, Kuroshio intrusion induced mesoscale eddies in that area, which caused the Δ 14 C in Currimao to be the lowest among the five studied locations. According to Tseng et al (2009), weakening of the monsoon decreases the extent of vertical mixing in the northern SCS. The East Asian winter monsoon velocity decreased from the 1970s to the 1980s (Song et al 2012); thus, the area of mesoscale eddies decreased in size after 1976.…”

Section: Winters After the Mid-1980smentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon variability recorded in coral skeletons from the northwest of Luzon Island, Philippines

et al. 2017

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The North Equatorial Current (NEC) bifurcates at the eastern coast of the Philippines and moves northward as the Kuroshio, a North Pacific western boundary current. The NEC bifurcation point and Kuroshio variability are known to be affected by changes in climate such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the pacific decadal oscillation. However, observational data are not sufficient to examine the mechanisms of decadal fluctuation. Here, we report seasonal radiocarbon data recorded from 1968 to 1995 in coral skeletons northwest of Luzon Island. The data suggest that the East Asian winter monsoon is a dominant factor in the seasonal fluctuations in water mass northwest of Luzon Island. Compared with other coral records reported for Guam, Ishigaki, Con Dao, and Hon Tre Island, the data suggest that the area of the Kuroshio loop current through the Luzon Strait decreased from the 1970s to 1980s as a result of the change in Kuroshio transport and the migration of the NEC bifurcation latitude after a regime shift in 1976.

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“…Among them, the RMSE and MAPD of MLD mdg were the lowest and came close to those of MLD T5 , MLD T10 , and MLD θG . In previous studies, MLG T8 (Qu et al 2007), MLD θG (Qu 2001;Ge et al 2003;Hao et al 2012), MLD σG5 (Tseng et al 2007), and MLD σG10 (Tseng et al 2005(Tseng et al , 2009Wong et al 2007a, b) have been used for estimating MLD in the SCS. Only the results in the first two sets of studies may be readily compared to each other even after a constant offset has been applied.…”

Section: Classical Type Upper Water Hydrographic Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, MLD generally tends to decrease with decreasing latitude, and, the seasonal variations in MLD in the tropical waters tend to be smaller (Monterey and Levitus 1997;Montégut et al 2004). As a part of several studies for diverse purposes, the MLD in the tropical northern South China Sea (SCS) has been estimated by various investigators using a variety of different methods: a FTD method with a drop in θ of 0.8°C relative to that at 10 m (Qu et al 2007); a FTG method at a temperature gradient of 0.05°C m -1 (Qu 2001;Ge et al 2003;Hao et al 2012); a FDG method at density gradients of 0.05 (Tseng et al 2007) or 0.1 σ θ unit/m (Tseng et al 2005(Tseng et al , 2009Wong et al 2007b). Wong et al (2007b) reported that, unlike what is expected in tropical waters, the MLD in the northern SCS varies over a relatively wide range seasonally, from 20 m in the summer to 90 m in the winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper water structure and mixed layer depth in tropical waters: The SEATS station in the northern South China Sea

Tai¹,

Wong²,

Pan³

2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The variability of the upper water hydrographic structure, the efficacy of the different schemes for estimating the mixed layer depth (MLD), the inter-comparability estimation of the MLDs and diurnal and intra-annual MLD climatology in the tropical waters in the northern South China Sea were accessed in 702 depth-profiles of potential temperature (θ) and salinity collected in 64 cruises between 17.5 and 18.5°N and 115.3 and 116.3°E from 1997 to 2013. The hydrographic structure may be subdivided into three principal types: the classical type, with quasi-isopycnal surface mixed layer followed by an abrupt increase in the depth-gradient in θ and potential density (σ θ ) to mark the MLD; the stepwise type, with one or more small stepwise decreases in θ and/or increases in σ θ in the mixed layer; and the graded type, with a general decrease in θ and increases in σ θ with depth into the main pycnocline without a clear break to mark the MLD. These three types of upper waters were found in 75, 10, and 15% of the cruises. Out of the 10 schemes for estimating the MLD, only the fixed temperature difference method of 0.5 and 0.8°C from the 10-m temperature yielded consistent results, with root mean square error and mean absolute percentage difference of 2 m and 2%. MLD varied diurnally with an average standard deviation of 4 m from the mean. The monthly average MLD reached a maximum of 80 m in December/January and dropped to a minimum of 25 m in May.

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Anomalous biogeochemical conditions in the northern South China Sea during the El‐Niño events between 1997 and 2003

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Physical Forcing-Driven Productivity and Sediment Flux to the Deep Basin of Northern South China Sea: A Decadal Time Series Study

Physical Forcing-Driven Productivity and Sediment Flux to the Deep Basin of Northern South China Sea: A Decadal Time Series Study

Radiocarbon variability recorded in coral skeletons from the northwest of Luzon Island, Philippines

Upper water structure and mixed layer depth in tropical waters: The SEATS station in the northern South China Sea

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