Anomalous brain functional connectivity contributing to poor adaptive behavior in Down syndrome

Pujol, Jesús; Hoyo, Laura del; Blanco‐Hinojo, Laura; Solá, Susana; Macià, Dídac; Martínez‐Vilavella, Gerard; Amor, Marta; Deus, Joan; Rodríguez, Joaquín; Farré, Magı́; Dierssen, Mara; Torre, Rafael de la

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2014.10.012

Cited by 72 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…14 In Down's syndrome, altered functionality of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex contributes to memory and executive functioning deficits 15,16 and, in a previous neuroimaging study, 12 we identified distinct connectivity disturbances in frontal and anterior temporal structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our imaging approach was primarily based on whole-brain mapping of the degree of functional connectivity of each voxel with all other voxels as the sum of correlations above a given Pearson's coefficient threshold. A subsequent region-of-interest mapping of functional connectivity was generated from the changes identified in the connectivity degree maps, using a seed-based approach 12 (appendix pXX). Three representative functional connectivity maps were obtained for each participant with regions of interest (seeds) placed at peak between-group connectivity degree differences in the frontal cortex, Wernicke's area, and cerebellum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and efficacy of cognitive training plus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in young adults with Down's syndrome (TESDAD): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Torre

Solá

Hernández

et al. 2016

The Lancet Neurology

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SummaryBackground Early cognitive intervention is the only routine therapeutic approach used for amelioration of intellectual deficits in individuals with Down's syndrome, but its effects are limited. We hypothesised that administration of a green tea extract containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) would improve the effects of non-pharmacological cognitive rehabilitation in young adults with Down's syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of cognitive training plus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in young adults with Down's syndrome (TESDAD): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Torre

Solá

Hernández

et al. 2016

The Lancet Neurology

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233

145

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“…These studies report diminished coherence of activity measured across brain circuits, indicative of weaker connectivity in individuals born preterm from infancy1112 through adulthood1314. Given the robust linkage between child neurological disorders and atypical large-scale neural connectivity1516 (see also refs 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37), theory has evolved that neurodevelopmental impairment following preterm birth may stem from alterations in neural connectivity38, and recent evidence provides nascent support for this claim1039.…”

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confidence: 99%

Weak functional connectivity in the human fetal brain prior to preterm birth

Thomason

Mayes

Manning

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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It has been suggested that neurological problems more frequent in those born preterm are expressed prior to birth, but owing to technical limitations, this has been difficult to test in humans. We applied novel fetal resting-state functional MRI to measure brain function in 32 human fetuses in utero and found that systems-level neural functional connectivity was diminished in fetuses that would subsequently be born preterm. Neural connectivity was reduced in a left-hemisphere pre-language region, and the degree to which connectivity of this left language region extended to right-hemisphere homologs was positively associated with the time elapsed between fMRI assessment and delivery. These results provide the first evidence that altered functional connectivity in the preterm brain is identifiable before birth. They suggest that neurodevelopmental disorders associated with preterm birth may result from neurological insults that begin in utero.

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“…Further, current studies also indicated that poor academic performance and communication skills and maladapted behaviours in individuals with DS might be because of their cognitive dysfunction (Pujol et al . ; Will, Fidler, Daunhauer, & Gerlach‐McDonald ). In addition, individuals with DS exhibit significantly weaker physical fitness and functional capacity than individuals with unspecified ID at all stages of life (Angelopoulou, Matziari, Tsimara, Sakadamis, Souftas, & Mandroukas ; Carmeli, Ayalon, Barchad, Sheklow, & Reznick ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acute exercise on the performance of verbal fluency in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome: a pilot study

Chen

Ringenbach

2019

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background The high prevalence of cognitive dysfunction is well documented in individuals with Down syndrome. However, only a few studies have focused on the effect of exercise on cognitive performance in this population. In particular, verbal fluency has been shown to be relevant to the early onset of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with Down syndrome. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the relationship between acute exercise and verbal fluency in this population. Methods It was a pre-post design. Twenty-eight participants (aged 14-31) were assigned to highintensity exercise (i.e. 70-85% of predicted maximum heart rate) (N = 8), moderate-intensity exercise (i.e. 50-69% of predicted maximum heart rate) (N = 10) or attentional control (N = 10) groups. Two exercise groups walked on a treadmill using an incremental walking protocol, and the attentional control group watched a video for 20 min. Measures of verbal fluency (i.e. semantic fluency and phonetic fluency) were tested pre-intervention and post-intervention. Results The result showed a quadric trend between semantic fluency and intensity of exercise. The improvement in cognitive performance on semantic fluency test was observed in the moderate-intensity exercise. However, neither a linear trend nor a quadric trend was seen in phonetic fluency. Conclusions The result showed an inverted-U relationship between exercise intensity and semantic fluency. A larger sample size, testing time and more reliable psychophysiological measures (e.g. VO 2 max and neuroimaging technology), should be considered to explore the underlying mechanisms in this population.

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Anomalous brain functional connectivity contributing to poor adaptive behavior in Down syndrome

Cited by 72 publications

References 31 publications

Safety and efficacy of cognitive training plus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in young adults with Down's syndrome (TESDAD): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Safety and efficacy of cognitive training plus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in young adults with Down's syndrome (TESDAD): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Weak functional connectivity in the human fetal brain prior to preterm birth

The effect of acute exercise on the performance of verbal fluency in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome: a pilot study

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