1994
DOI: 10.1016/0167-5273(94)90121-x
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Anomalous connection of inferior vena cava to the left atrium

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Cited by 16 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…The malformation may be isolated or occur in conjunction with other anomalies. An atrial septal defect was found in about half of the reported cases 1 , 4 , 6,7 , 11–14 . Other findings were an anomalous pulmonary venous return and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae 6 , 9 , 11 , 13 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The malformation may be isolated or occur in conjunction with other anomalies. An atrial septal defect was found in about half of the reported cases 1 , 4 , 6,7 , 11–14 . Other findings were an anomalous pulmonary venous return and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae 6 , 9 , 11 , 13 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The main clinical features are shortness of breath, cyanosis, and clubbing of fingers. However, some patients may complain of very few symptoms, 1 , 4 and may have a resting oxygen saturation of 90% 1 , 4–8 . Saturation usually falls below 90% with exercise.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The IVC drainage into the LA is a rare congenital anomaly, and is less commonly associated with an ASD. Most of the published articles are individual case reports [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It may occur in conjunction with other anomalies, such as anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Only few cases have been reported in the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Because of this, the natural course, clinical manifestations and diagnosis are not well established.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…However, anomalies of the systemic venous return might have significant clinical implications. Only a few patients with double IVC have been reported in the literature 1 but none with a connection with an abnormal pulmonary venous drainage and the left atrium.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%