Anomalous muscles in carpal tunnel associated with neurovascular variations: Case report and brief review

Abstract

Anomalous muscles in carpal tunnel (CT) may cause carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and may be also associated with neurovascular abnormalities, altering the diagnosis and surgical interventions for CTS. The authors report a case of bilateral Gantzer's muscles (GMs) inserted into the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus within the CTs in an old male cadaver. The left GM was associated with enlarged lumbrical muscles in the CT and bifid median nerve (MN) communicating with ulnar nerve in the hand. The right GM was associated with perforation of MN branches in the hand by superficial palmar arch. This unreported coexistence of anomalous GMs and the associated neurovascular variations may have clinical relevance to etiology, diagnosis and treatment of CTS.

Reply: Anomalous Muscles in Carpal Tunnel Associated with Neurovascular Variation: Case Report and Brief Review

“…We read the case report by Eid et al [1] published in this journal with interest. They reported a case with bilateral Gantzer's muscles accompanying variations of the median nerve in which the carpal tunnel laid [1].…”

“…We read the case report by Eid et al [1] published in this journal with interest. They reported a case with bilateral Gantzer's muscles accompanying variations of the median nerve in which the carpal tunnel laid [1]. Similar variations were reported by many authors, suggesting that high division of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel might be associated with Gantzer's muscle [1]- [3].…”