Anomalous right ventricular muscle bands obstructing a large apical muscular ventricular septal defect: From fetal to post‐natal three‐dimensional assessment

Abstract

Anomalous right ventricle muscle bands and apical ventricular septal defect are two anomalies sometimes associated. We report a fetal diagnosis of a large apical ventricular septal defect, right intraventricular obstruction caused by anomalous muscle bands; consequently, the high right intraventricular pressure resulted in a right-to-left bulging of ventricular septum and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Postnatal echocardiogram confirmed the fetal diagnosis and defined accurately the right ventricular anatomy through the three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment.

Multiple ventricular septal defects associated to anomalous venous returns, mitral valve disease, myocardium hypertrophy, and right outflow obstruction: a multimodality imaging assessment

“…Anomalous RV muscle bands progressively grew and completely occupied the RV apex as a consequence of the RV hypertrophy. 6 Placement of a systemic-pulmonary shunt 3 mm between brachiocephalic trunk and right pulmonary artery allowed for growth before attempting final surgical repair.…”

“…We hypothesized that the apical ventricular hypertrophy, furthermore, may be secondary to the trabecular muscular VSD. Anomalous RV muscle bands progressively grew and completely occupied the RV apex as a consequence of the RV hypertrophy 6 …”