Anomalous Variations of Ionosphere Associated with the Strong Earthquake at Pakistan-Iran Border at a Low Latitude Station Agra, India

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the TEC data for April 2013 observed at Agra station, India (geogr. lat. 27.2° N, long. 78° E) to examine the effect of earthquake of magnitude M = 7.8 which occurred on 16 April 2013 at Pakistan-Iran border region. We process the TEC data using the ı statistical criterion to find out anomalous variation in TEC data. We also study the VLF propagation signal from NPM, Hawaii (21.42° N, 158° W), which is monitored at the same station (Agra station) in the light of this earthquake as well as solar flares. The nighttime fluctuation method is used to analyze the VLF data for the period of ±5 days from the day of earthquake (11-21 April 2013). The anomalous enhancements and depletions are found in TEC data on 1-9 days before the occurrence of event.

Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Pore Pressure of the Earth’s Crust - A Desk Review

“…In the similar way HAARP can induce earthquakes and whether it has induced earthquakes or not, is still under research but it is certain that if it keeps generating ELF, then definitely it will cause disasters in the near future. The earthquake of magnitude 7.8 which occurred on Pakistan-Iran border in April 2013 was also triggered by ELF reflected back from lower ionosphere and these radiations were enhanced by human made transmitters (Pundhir et al 2016). It is still not known which transmitters were responsible for this.…”