Anorectal melanomas do not harbour the kaposi sarcoma‐associated human herpesvirus type 8 DNA

Helmke, Burkhard; Deichmann, Martin; Otto, Herwart F.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1016

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma, HHV-8 has not been found in anorectal melanomas [23]. At present there is no evidence that sexual practices explain our observation of higher rates of anorectal melanoma among women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Primary melanomas of the esophagus and anorectum: epidemiologic comparison with melanoma of the skin

Coté

Sobin

2009

Melanoma Research

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The objective of this study was to use recently available data to describe the epidemiology of melanomas of the esophagus and the anorectum in contrast to melanoma of the skin. The methods used include descriptive epidemiology using cases reported to the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registry, 1973-2003. All rates were age adjusted. We found 46 759 cutaneous melanomas, 170 anorectal melanomas and 20 esophageal melanomas, corresponding to age-adjusted rates of 70.1, 0.27, and 0.03 per million population, respectively. Median age of patients with melanoma of the skin was less than those with melanoma of the anorectum or esophagus (55 years vs. 71 years and 69 years, respectively). Rates of melanoma of the skin were 1.5-fold higher for men than for women (87.1 vs. 58.1 per 10); in contrast, rates of anorectal melanoma were 1.6-fold higher for women than for men (0.324 vs. 0.199 per 10). Rates of cutaneous melanoma for whites were 13-fold higher than for blacks (80.6 vs. 6.1 per 10, P<0.001), whereas the rates of anorectal melanoma were 1.7-fold higher among whites than blacks (0.273 vs. 0.173 per 10). Comparing the period 1973-1987 with 1988-2003, the rate of cutaneous melanoma increased 1.4-fold (56.0-80.1 per 10), whereas the rate of anorectal melanoma similarly increased 1.8-fold (0.182 to 0.329 per 10).In conclusion, anorectal melanomas, and especially, esophageal melanomas remain rare malignancies. This is the first report where temporal trends in anorectal melanoma are following the increased incidence of cutaneous melanomas, but it is unclear whether immunohistochemical diagnostic practices have influenced this trend. As gastrointestinal melanomas represent melanocytic transformation in the absence of sunlight, their epidemiology may provide etiologic clues to alternative or systemic transformative factors also operant in cutaneous melanoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Primary melanomas of the esophagus and anorectum: epidemiologic comparison with melanoma of the skin

Coté

Sobin

2009

Melanoma Research

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“…Interestingly, some authors have suggested a possible association with HIV and HHV-8 infection, but data are still controversial. [7][8][9] Anorectal melanoma commonly affects the elderly in their sixth or seventh decade of life, with a 1.7 -fold higher prevalence in Caucasians than in African Americans. 1 Some authors report a possible female predominance, but most publications do not suggest significant gender differences and individual series are too small to draw definitive conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Some authors report a possible female predominance, but most publications do not suggest significant gender differences and individual series are too small to draw definitive conclusions. [7][8][9][10][11] Lesions are usually polypoid, often ulcerated and easy to bleed, with or without pigmentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary anorectal melanoma: a case of 5 year disease-free survival

2017

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Anorectal melanoma is a rare cause of anorectal malignancies affecting mainly elderly people without significant gender differences, although there seems to be a white predominance. Diagnosis is often challenging, since symptoms are frequently nonspecific. Radical surgery is the mainstay of treatment, while adjuvant therapies are generally of limited value. Thus, prognosis is still grim, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. We report the case of a 75-year-old white female presenting with mild anal pain and blood in stools. Diagnosed with an ulcerated melanoma of the perianal area, she eventually underwent an abdominoperineal resection and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy. To date, she is currently alive and disease-free. Given the lack of adequate international guidelines, we recommend defining a tailored treatment by thorough multidisciplinary discussion, as well as taking into account the patient personal preference.

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“…The significant increase in the incidence of affected young men in the San Francisco area led to the hypothesis that HIV is involved in the disease development. Involvement of human herpesvirus‐8 and human papilloma virus‐16 has been excluded 8,14 …”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant melanoma of the anal region

et al. 2007

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Malignant melanoma (MM) of the anal region is an uncommon disease. In many cases, the disease is undetected or mistaken for a benign polyp or haemorrhoids until it reaches an advanced state. Owing to delayed diagnosis and early metastases, the prognosis is often poor. In contrast to melanomas of the skin, a history of sun exposure does not seem to have an impact in development of MM in this region. Anorectal melanomas (AM) are most common in the rectum, followed by the anal canal and anal verge. Ras mutations, especially in codon 61 of the N-ras oncogene, are common in CM and rare in melanomas of the vulva and anorectum. The diagnosis of an AM is usually made using a biopsy. Histopathological examinations show spindle-shaped and pleomorphic cells. Adjuvant immunohistological markers are the calcium-binding protein S-100, the melanoma antigen HMB-45, the melanoma-expressed protein Melan A, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF). To date, there are few published guidelines for the correct management of AM, and surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. We report on a 39-year old man who presented with a 5-week history of recurrent prolapse of an anal tumour. The tumour was histologically confirmed to be malignant melanoma.

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Anorectal melanomas do not harbour the kaposi sarcoma‐associated human herpesvirus type 8 DNA

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Primary melanomas of the esophagus and anorectum: epidemiologic comparison with melanoma of the skin

Primary melanomas of the esophagus and anorectum: epidemiologic comparison with melanoma of the skin

Primary anorectal melanoma: a case of 5 year disease-free survival

Malignant melanoma of the anal region

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