Anosmia: A marker of infection by the new corona virus

Daher, Valéria Barcelos; Oliveira, Daniela Silva Soares; Júnior, Mauro Freitas Daher; Fernandes, Eduardo Vignoto; Castro, João Rodrigo de; Moya, Marcela Ibanhes; Guimarães, Valeriana de Castro

doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101129

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Though, fever is a common symptom of other locally endemic diseases in Nigeria such as Malaria and Lassa fever, therefore confirmatory methods of management should be considered when caring for the patients. Findings from this study in clinical presentation differs from other studies that have commonly reported fever and cough [9][10][11] as the prevalent symptoms however other studies have reported that anosmia and loss of taste are common symptoms of COVID-19 patients with less severe disease and is an indication of infection with the virus [30,31].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Clinical Symptoms and Haematological Characteristics among Male and Female COVID-19 Patients in Rivers State: A Single-center Case Reviews

Jumbo

Uzosike

Okuku

2021

AJRID

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Objectives: The study seeks to assess the sex differences in reported clinical symptoms and haematological parameters of hospitalized COVID-19 cases. Study Design: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Covid-19 Treatment Centre, Rivers State, between May 2020 and July 2020. Methodology: Descriptive data collection for patients diagnosed of COVID-19 was employed within the months of May to July 2020. A comparison of demographic profile, presenting symptoms, comorbidities and laboratory findings between males and females was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Ethical approval was obtained prior to commencing data collection. Results: In this study, data of 56 patients were analyzed of which 31 (55.4%) were males and 25 (44.6%) were females. The mean age for all patients was 36 years and males had a higher mean age (40 ± 12.6) compared to females (31 ± 8.8). Twelve patients (21.4%) reported pre-existing co-morbidities and Hypertension 11 (19.6%) was the prevalent co-morbidity followed by peptic ulcer 2 (3.6%) and Diabetes 2 (3.6%) and these were more common among males. Triglyceride level was significantly higher among females (p= 0.028) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level was significantly lower among females (p= 0.044) while systolic blood pressure level was significantly higher among males (p= 0.011). Conclusion: Though similar symptoms and haematological findings occur in males and females, specific disparities in some parameters were observed. We recommend healthcare personnel to consider these differences when caring for patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Clinical Symptoms and Haematological Characteristics among Male and Female COVID-19 Patients in Rivers State: A Single-center Case Reviews

Jumbo

Uzosike

Okuku

2021

AJRID

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“…In adults, the most important clinical manifestations were cough, ageusia, and odynophagia, consistent with what was published (12). It is striking to show that another neurological manifestation such as ageusia is one of the most frequent clinical symptoms during SARS-CoV-2 infection, which could be associated with greater involvement of the virus on the glossopharyngeal, facial, and vagus nerves in this age group (13).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 88%

SARS-CoV-2 in a Tropical Area of Colombia, a Remarkable Conversion of Presymptomatic to Symptomatic People Impacts Public Health

Martínez¹,

Serrano²,

Mattar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to remain in asymptomatic individuals facilitates its dissemination and makes its control difficult. Objective. To establish a cohort of asymptomatic individuals, change to the symptomatic state, and determine the most frequent clinical manifestations. Methods. Between April 9 and August 9, 2020, molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 154 asymptomatic people in contact with subjects diagnosed with COVID-19. Nasopharyngeal swabs were performed on these people in different hospitals in Córdoba, the Caribbean area of Colombia. The genes E, RdRp, and N were amplified with RT-qPCR. Based on the molecular results and the Cq values, the patients were subsequently followed up through telephone calls to verify their health conditions. Results. Overall, of 154 asymptomatic individuals, 103 (66.9%) remained asymptomatic, and 51 (33.1%) changed to symptomatic. The most frequent clinical manifestations in young people were anosmia and arthralgia; in adults, they were cough, ageusia, and odynophagia; in the elderly were epigastralgia, dyspnea, and headache. Mortality was 8%. Conclusions. A proportion of 33% of presymptomatic individuals was found, of which four of them died. This high rate could indicate a silent transmission, contributing significantly to the increase in the epidemic associated with SARS-CoV-2.

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“…Anosmia (loss of smell) and dysgeusia (altered sensation of taste) have been reported in 33–80% of patients with COVID-19 [ 1 , 2 ]. Anosmia/hyposmia and dysgeusia are reported to be associated with other upper respiratory tract infections with a rate of 11–40%, mainly due to nasal congestion and secretions [ 3 , 4 ] The main differences between COVID-19 related anosmia and anosmia seen in other upper respiratory tract infections are sudden onset irrespective of presence of nasal congestion/obstruction and possible correlation with neurological symptoms in COVID-19 disease [ [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between disease severity and serum IL-6 levels in COVID-19 anosmia

Şanlı

Altundağ

Kandemirli

et al. 2021

American Journal of Otolaryngology

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Background An association between IL-6 levels and cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 patients has been suggested. Cases with higher IL-6 levels have more rapid progression and a higher complication rate. On the other hand, COVID-19 cases with anosmia have a milder course of the disease. Objective We aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between serum IL-6 levels and presence of anosmia in COVID-19 patients. Methods Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 based on laboratory (PCR) were stratified into two groups based on presence of olfactory dysfunction (OD). In all cases with and without anosmia; psychophysical test (Sniffin' Sticks test) and a survey on olfactory symptoms were obtained. Threshold (t) – discrimination (d) – identification (i), and total (TDI) scores reflecting olfactory function were calculated. Clinical symptoms, serum IL-6 levels, other laboratory parameters, and chest computed tomography (CT) findings were recorded. Results A total of 59 patients were included, comprising 23 patients with anosmia and 36 patients without OD based on TDI scores. Patients with anosmia (41.39 ± 15.04) were significantly younger compared to cases without anosmia (52.19 ± 18.50). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of comorbidities, smoking history, and symptoms including nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. Although serum IL-6 levels of all patients were above normal values (7 pg/mL), patients with anosmia had significantly lower serum IL-6 levels (16.72 ± 14.28 pg/ml) compared to patients without OD (60.95 ± 89.33 pg/ml) (p = 0.026). Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 related anosmia tend to have significantly lower serum levels of IL-6 compared to patients without OD, and the lower IL-6 levels is related to milder course of the disease. With the effect of low cytokine storm and IL-6 level, it may be said that anosmic cases have a milder disease in COVID-19.

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Anosmia: A marker of infection by the new corona virus

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Clinical Symptoms and Haematological Characteristics among Male and Female COVID-19 Patients in Rivers State: A Single-center Case Reviews

Clinical Symptoms and Haematological Characteristics among Male and Female COVID-19 Patients in Rivers State: A Single-center Case Reviews

SARS-CoV-2 in a Tropical Area of Colombia, a Remarkable Conversion of Presymptomatic to Symptomatic People Impacts Public Health

Relationship between disease severity and serum IL-6 levels in COVID-19 anosmia

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