Anotaciones etológicas de Milvago chimachima, Vieillot, 1816 (Aves: Falconidae)

Abstract

Objective. This paper describes and discusses patterns of behavior of M. chimachima related to nesting, feeding, parental care, learned behaviors, vocalizations and mobbing. Materials and methods. Between the months of January and May, 2017, synchronized and parallel linear transects were applied to the location of birds in the urban area of Santiago de Tolú, Sucre Colombia; subsequently, four fixed observation points were established for recording the different evaluated behaviors. Results. It was established that the construction of nests agrees with that established for the species, and contributions were made to the knowledge of parental care and learning processes. For the first time, three types of flight were described. It was evident that there are differences in the food consumed by adults and juveniles, with fishing and removing ticks from cattle as activities only carried out by mature individuals. It was recorded for the first time that P. sulphuratus (Aves, Tyrannidae) harasses M. chimachima (Aves, Falconidae), a behavior associated with parental care. Conclusions. The results contribute to knowledge on the ethology of this falconiform species of common occurrence in the Colombian Caribbean.Keywords: Milvago chimachima, behaviors, reproduction, feeding, parental care, Colombia (Source: CAB). RESUMENObjetivo. Se Describen y discuten pautas de comportamiento de M. chimachima relacionadas con anidación, alimentación, cuidado parental, conductas aprendidas, vocalizaciones y acoso. Materiales y métodos. Entre los meses de enero a mayo de 2017, en el casco urbano del municipio de Santiago de Tolú, Sucre Colombia, se aplicaron inicialmente transectos lineales sincronizados y paralelos para ubicación de la aves; posteriormente se establecieron cuatro punto fijos de observación para el registro de las diferentes conductas evaluadas. Resultados. Se establece que la construcción del nido concuerda con la establecido para la especie, se hacen aportes al conocimiento del cuidado parental y sobre procesos de aprendizaje; por primera vez se describen tres tipos de vuelo y se determina acoso por parte de P. sulphuratus anidante; igualmente, se evidencia que existen diferencias en los alimentos consumidos por los adultos y los juveniles, siendo la pesca y la búsqueda de garrapatas sobre vacunos una actividad solo llevada a cabo por los individuos maduros. Conclusiones. Los resultados son un aporte al conocimiento de la etología de esta especie de falconiforme de común ocurrencia en el Caribe colombiano.

Records of Mobbing Behavior in Venezuelan Wild Birds

“…I recorded mobbing events for 31 species and 15 families, and have provided comprehensive case-by-case descripAons of this behavior in these Neotropical birds. In addiAon, for species with previous records of mobbing such as the Southern Lapwing, Copper-rumped Hummingbird (Hilty 2003), Trop-ical Kingbird (Cherrie 1916, Sick 1993, Meyer de Schauensee & Phelps 1978, Hilty 2003), Boat-billed Flycatcher, Great Kiskadee (Meyer de Schauensee & Phelps 1978, De la Ossa et al 2018 and Southern Rough-winged Swallow (Sick 1993), this work also provides new informaAon about the species that were mobbed. Although mobbing behavior had been documented in 17 species, for some like the Rufous-fronted Thornbird, Streaked Flycatcher, Social Flycatcher, Mouse-colored Tyrannulet, and Blue-gray Tanager this behavior was only known by their responses to predator playbacks (Sandoval & Wilson 2012, Lima et al 2018).…”

“…InformaAon about mobbing behavior in Neotropical birds has been considered scarce (Castro-Siqueira 2010), but several observed instances of mobbing are concealed within tradiAonal ornithological literature (Cherrie 1916, Sick 1993, Meyer de Schauensee & Phelps 1978, Hilty 2003, Fitzpatrick 2004. Most data come from Brazil (Sick 1993, Mo(a-Junior 2007, Castro-Siqueira 2010, Lima et al 2018 with sca(ered records from Paraguay (Smith 2006), Costa Rica (Sandoval & Wilson 2012), ArgenAna (Gloag et al 2013), French Guiana (Tilgar & Moks 2015), and Colombia (De la Ossa et al 2018, Cortés-Suárez 2021. In Venezuela, the first evidence of a mobbing behavior was reported by Robinson & Richmond (1895) between a Buffy Hummingbird Leucippus fallax and a Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba.…”

List of Birds Sigthed on Livestock Farms in Sucre, Colombia

“…The importance of grasslands, living fences, lagoons, jagüeyes, and urban areas for the conservation of biological diversity appears in several investigations (7,9,10,22) . This research confirms that these anthropic ecosystems can serve as buffer zones and complementary to protected or reserve areas for local or migratory wildlife (23) .…”

“…Several authors have highlighted the importance of jagüeyes for the maintenance of biological diversity (7,8,9) . Live fences are also important, especially for birds (10) .…”

PRIMER REGISTRO DEL CARACARA BAYO Milvago chimachima EN ZAMORA CHINCHIPE

“…Ridgely & Greenfield (2001a) sugieren que M. chimachima podría estar ampliando su distribución geográfica en el Ecuador como resultado de la deforestación en la región amazónica, puesto que los primeros registros provienen de la década de 1970. Milvago chimachima posee una dieta variada y adaptable que incluye desperdicios producidos por el ser humano e insectos dispersados por el ganado (incluyendo sus ectoparásitos), y es capaz de anidar en edificaciones (De La Ossa et al, 2018). Estas características podrían favorecer la dispersión y colonización de M. chimachima hacia áreas deforestadas donde estaba ausente, como en Zamora Chinchipe que registra una alta tasa de deforestación, calculada en 1277 ha/año (Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador, 2018).…”