Anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria: tool for bioremediation of hazardous environmental pollutants

Abstract

The extraordinary metabolic flexibility of anoxygenic phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) has been exploited in the development of various biotechnological applications, such as wastewater treatment, biohydrogen production, improvement of soil fertility and plant growth, and recovery of high-value compounds. These versatile microorganisms can also be employed for the efficient bioremediation of hazardous inorganic and organic pollutants from contaminated environments. Certain members of PNSB, especially strains of Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas palustris, exhibit efficient remediation of several toxic and carcinogenic heavy metals and metalloids, such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead. PNSB are also known to utilize diverse biomass-derived lignocellulosic organic compounds and xenobiotics. Although biodegradation of some substituted aromatic compounds by PNSB has been established, available information on the involvement of PNSB in the biodegradation of toxic organic pollutants is limited. In this review, we present advancements in the field of PNSB-based bioremediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Furthermore, we highlight that the potential role of PNSB as a promising bioremediation tool remains largely unexplored. Thus, this review emphasizes the necessity of investing extensive research efforts in the development of PNSB-based bioremediation technology.

Abundance, Characterization and Diversity of Culturable Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria in Manitoban Marshlands

“…Alongside contributing to photosynthetic productivity and carbon cycling, AnPB also participate in other activities, such as degrading anthropogenic pollutants and heavy metal oxides, as mentioned in the specific examples. These have been broadly advertised as important roles AAP and PNSB play in bioremediation [13,64].…”

“…12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 15 of 18 pollutants and heavy metal oxides, as mentioned in the specific examples. These have been broadly advertised as important roles AAP and PNSB play in bioremediation[13,64].…”

Interactions of Brominated Flame Retardants with Membrane Models of Dehalogenating Bacteria: Langmuir Monolayer and Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction Studies

“…Among them, Dehalococcoides is the most widespread and the best-researched genus. , These small Gram-positive bacteria are widespread in soils, sediments, and porous aquifer rocks. They can subsequently dehalogenate even perhalogenated aromatic organics, such as hexachlorobenzene, and different highly brominated diphenyl ethers. , To perform dehalorespiration, Dehalococcoides need gaseous hydrogen, which they cannot produce themselves, thus cooperation in consortium with other bacteria is crucial for their effectiveness. − Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a Gram-negative versatile photosynthetic bacterium that can also degrade BFRs, but what is more, emits hydrogen. , Dehalococcoides and Rhodopseudomonas palustris are frequently applied in bioremediation processes, both in the ex situ and also in situ techniques. − They could also be effectively used to remediate BFR-contaminated soils. − However, BFRs, and their metabolites, are often toxic to different members of soil microbial consortia. , BFRs are hydrophobic and when absorbed from the soils they may damage the plasma membranes of the bacterial cells. − To be effectively metabolized, BFRs must be incorporated into the membrane, as multiple enzymes, including dehalogenases, are membrane-related. , Accumulated in the membrane, BFRs should not disturb its structure and impair functions.…”