Antagonistic and Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma asperellum ZJSX5003 Against the Maize Stalk Rot Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

Abstract

The efficacy of seven strains of Trichoderma asperellum collected from the fields in Southern China was assessed against Fusarium graminearum (FG) the causal agent of corn stalk rot of maize were in vitro for their antagonistic properties followed by statistical model of principal compound analysis to identify the beneficial antagonist T. asperellum strain. The key factors of antagonist activity were attributed to a total of 13 factors including cell wall degrading enzymes (chitnase, protease and b-glucanases), secondary metabolites and peptaibols and these were analyzed from eight strains of Trichoderma. A linear regression model demonstrated that interaction of enzymes and secondary metabolites of T. asperellum strain ZJSX5003 enhanced the antagonist activity against FG. Further, this strain displayed a disease reduction of 71 % in maize plants inoculated with FG compared to negative control. Pointing out that the T. asperellum strain ZJSX5003 is a potential source for the development of a biocontrol agent against corn stalk rot.

Detoxification of Deoxynivalenol via Glycosylation Represents Novel Insights on Antagonistic Activities of Trichoderma when Confronted with Fusarium graminearum

“…Application of Trichoderma strains on crops or crop residuals to inhibit the development and DON production of Fusarium is an available biological-based strategy. As potential BCAs, Trichoderma strains are capable of producing a large number of enzymes and secondary metabolites, which are effective components against pathogens and play an important role in the antagonistic action of Trichoderma [32]. Hydrolytic enzymes (such as chitinase and proteases) and antibiotics (such as polyketides and terpenes) derived from Trichoderma act as “weapons” against pathogens when in competition [32].…”

“…As potential BCAs, Trichoderma strains are capable of producing a large number of enzymes and secondary metabolites, which are effective components against pathogens and play an important role in the antagonistic action of Trichoderma [32]. Hydrolytic enzymes (such as chitinase and proteases) and antibiotics (such as polyketides and terpenes) derived from Trichoderma act as “weapons” against pathogens when in competition [32]. In addition, the potential UGTs inactivating DON in Trichoderma strains, act as “shields” to protect themselves against DON-producing pathogens.…”

“…The mycelial growth rates (cm/day) of Trichoderma strains and F. graminearum were recorded before their mycelia began to interact. After incubation, the radii of Fusarium colonies facing the antagonists were measured and used for calculation of the inhibition rate [32]. The inhibition rate of Trichoderma on mycelial growth of tested F. graminearum was calculated based on the following formula: I = ( C − T )/ C × 100, where I is the inhibition rate (%), C is the growth radius of pathogen when alone, and T is the growth radius of the pathogen when co-cultured with antagonists [32].…”

Role of peptaibols and lytic enzymes of Trichoderma cerinum Gur1 in biocontrol of Fusraium oxysporum and chickpea wilt

“…The responsible factors for the PGP ability of T. cerinum Gur1 appear to be secretion of phytohormone IAA, and enhanced availability of phosphorus and iron to plants by phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. As reported by several workers, increase in biomass is directly induced by production of plant growth promoting metabolites or through stimulation of nutrient uptake, and indirectly by production of lytic enzymes or antibiotics that protect plants from deleterious rhizosphere organisms (Hermosa et al 2012;Contreras-Cornejo et al 2016;Li et al 2016). …”

Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma isolates on Sclerotium rolfsii

“…Trichoderma spp. have been reported and accomplished in controlling fungal phytopathogens in various cases (Kubicek, 2001;Harman et al, 2004;Celar & Valic, 2005;Schwarze et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2012;Li et al, 2016). Although a lot of investigators have reported biocidal efficacy of Trichoderma spp.…”