Antalya (Türkiye)’dan Bemisia tabaci (Genn., 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) popülasyonlarının cyantraniliprole, pyriproxyfen ve spirotetramata direnç düzeyleri

The sweet potato/cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most destructive vegetable pests in greenhouses in Türkiye. While the preferred method of control primarily relies on insecticides such as neonicotinoids, organophosphates and pyrethroids, their intensive use has caused whiteflies to rapidly become resistant. Samples were collected from 13 Turkish B. tabaci greenhouse populations. Bioassays from the Marmara Region identified as high as a 53-fold increase in resistance to chlorpyrifos-ethyl, a 303-fold increase to imidacloprid and a 282-fold increase to acetamiprid. Bioassays in the Central Anatolia Region reported a 76-fold increase in resistance to deltamethrin and—15-fold increase to thiamethoxam. Most of the populations showed cross-resistance for neonicotinoids. All collected B. tabaci populations were determined to be MEAM 1 (also referred to as biotype B) for diagnostic band E0.14. The E0.14 esterase variant that helps to diagnose biotype B insects was found in all individuals from field populations. Almost all populations showed higher non-specific esterase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase activity when compared to susceptible SUD-S population. AChE insensitivity assays for individual B. tabaci suggest a target-site modification as a mechanism of resistance to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. This is the first report of AChE variants identified based on their sensitivities to chlorpyrifos ethyl-oxon and pirimicarb in Turkish B. tabaci populations. Fixed ace mutations in the target-site of organophosphates and pyrethroids were identified in six populations. Resistance to organophosphates and neonicotinoids were at least partially related to both ace mutations and insensitive AChE and monooxygenase activities, respectively. The results will help develop effective resistance management programs of B. tabaci in Türkiye. Graphical Abstract

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Modified Maximum Dose Bioassay for Assessing Insecticide Response in Field Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Perier,

Cremonez,

Parkins

et al. 2024

Journal of Entomological Science

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The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), continues to be a major pest of vegetable cultivation in Georgia, USA. Field-by-field surveying is an effective approach to determining the susceptibility status of a B. tabaci population to an insecticide. During 2020–2022, a modified maximum dose bioassay method was tested to characterize the insecticide response of B. tabaci field populations to several commonly used insecticides for whitefly management in Tift Co., GA, and the surrounding areas. A rapid bioassay was used for these evaluations that allowed for field assessments before spray applications to reduce the adult life stage of this species. The results of the evaluations were produced within 24-h following a 24-h root drench period. Our survey suggests that the neonicotinoids dinotefuran and flupyradifurone were the most effective insecticides from the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) group 4A. Cyantraniliprole was also effective, with 88 and 86% adult mortality following exposure to the high (maximum) and low doses, respectively. Conversely, the levels of control using another diamide, cyclaniliprole, were notably lower. Adding a low dose to the high dose provided an early indication of inefficient control with a product potentially indicating an increase in resistance. Specifically, a significant difference between the high and low doses suggests that the dose–response curve had shifted toward resistance development in each B. tabaci field population. The proposed bioassay method is meant for systemic insecticides that offer quick responses on adults. The use of this efficient method will improve evaluations prioritizing insecticides for use or rotation in an insecticide resistance management program.

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Antalya (Türkiye)’dan Bemisia tabaci (Genn., 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) popülasyonlarının cyantraniliprole, pyriproxyfen ve spirotetramata direnç düzeyleri

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Lipid Metabolism as a Target Site in Pest Control

Lipid Metabolism as a Target Site in Pest Control

Biochemical and molecular analyses of insecticide resistance in greenhouse populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Türkiye

Modified Maximum Dose Bioassay for Assessing Insecticide Response in Field Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

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