Ante-mortem and post-mortem tuberculosis diagnostics in three European Bison from the enclosure in Bukowiec in the Bieszczady National Park   in Poland

Anusz, Krzysztof; Orłowska, Blanka; Krajewska‐Wędzina, Monika; Augustynowicz–Kopeć, Ewa; Krzysiak, Michał; Bielecki, Wojciech; Witkowski, Lucjan; Welz, M.; Kita, Junji

doi:10.21521/mw.5786

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Since 2014, no new TB cases have been detected among European bison in the Bieszczady region; however, some have been reported in other areas of Poland [ 10 ]. It seems, therefore, that the action taken in 2012 to 2013, during which a herd of 24 European bison infected with M.caprae was culled, together with three individuals in an enclosure in Bukowiec, Bieszczady [ 9 , 11 – 13 ] has prevented the disease from spreading among European bison in the Bieszczady, at least for now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characterization of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated from wildlife in the Bieszczady Mountains, on the border of Southeast Poland

et al. 2020

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Background The majority of animal tuberculosis (TB) cases reported in wildlife in Poland over the past 20 years have concerned the European bison inhabiting the Bieszczady Mountains in Southeast Poland: an area running along the border of Southeast Poland. As no TB cases have been reported in domestic animals in this region since 2005, any occurrence of TB in the free-living animals inhabiting this area might pose a real threat to local livestock and result in the loss of disease-free status. The aim of the study was to describe the occurrence of tuberculosis in the wildlife of the Bieszczady Mountains and determine the microbiological and molecular characteristics of any cultured strains. Lymph node samples were collected for analysis from 274 free-living animals, including European bison, red foxes, badgers, red deer, wild boar and roe deer between 2011 and 2017. Löwenstein–Jensen and Stonebrink media were used for culture. Molecular identification of strains was performed based on hsp65 sequence analysis, the GenoType®MTBC (Hain Lifescience, Germany) test, spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR analysis. Results Mycobacterium caprae was isolated from the lymph nodes of 21 out of 55 wild boar (38.2%; CI 95%: 26.5%, 51.4%) and one roe deer. Since 2014, no new TB cases have been reported in the Bieszczady European bison population. Conclusions The identification of TB in wild boar in the Bieszczady is an alarming phenomenon, which requires further investigation. The Bieszczady mountains are a precious, unique area, home to many protected species. However, it is also the only area in Poland where TB cases have been reported in free-living animals. The occurrence of TB in wild boar inhabiting this area might pose a real threat to local livestock and many of the protected species (for example European bison that can share feeding places with wild boar). Given this situation, ongoing monitoring of the prevalence of TB should be conducted, and protective measures should be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characterization of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated from wildlife in the Bieszczady Mountains, on the border of Southeast Poland

et al. 2020

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“…The present study describes the first successful isolation of MTBC bacteria from living EB. Although MTBC genetic material has previously been isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected from the lower respiratory tract of Bison bonasus [31], procedures to isolate Mycobacteria spp. were not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopsy and Tracheobronchial Aspirates as Additional Tools for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Living European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Didkowska

Orłowska

Witkowski

et al. 2020

Animals

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The diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in living wildlife remains a complex problem, and one of particular importance in endangered species like European bison (Bison bonasus). To identify infection and avoid the unnecessary culling of such valuable individuals, current best practice requires the collection and culture of material from living animals, as mycobacteria isolation remains the gold standard in BTB diagnosis. However, such isolation is challenging due to the need for the immobilization and collection of appropriate clinical material, and because of the sporadic shedding of mycobacteria. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of sampling for the detection of BTB in a group of seven living European bison suspected of being infected with Mycobacterium caprae. The specimens were collected both as swabs from the nasal and pharyngeal cavities, tracheobronchial aspirates (TBA), ultrasound-guided biopsies from lateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and post mortem, from mandibular, retropharyngeal and mediastinal lymph nodes. Clinical samples were tested for mycobacterial species via mycobacteriological culture and PCR. M. caprae was isolated from collected material in two out of four living infected individuals (TBA, biopsy) and mycobacterial DNA was detected in three out of four (TBA, pharyngeal swab) bison. This is the first report of isolation of M. caprae in living European bison. Our findings demonstrate the value of diagnostic tests based on both molecular testing and culture in European bison and confirm the respiratory shedding of viable M. caprae in this host species.

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“…Free-living animals also play a large role in the spread of bTB in cattle. The pastures are mainly places where common transmission takes place [8]. For example, in the UK, and probably in the Republic of Ireland, the reservoir of M. bovis are badgers [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even at the beginning of the 21st century, monitoring and eradication of BTB is difficult. The problem is the reliability of ante-mortem tuberculosis diagnostics in animal [8], and the extensive reservoir of the germ in free-living herds of wild animals [9,10,11]. Monitoring of infectious diseases and their control programmes are of immense economic importance to the country and the livestock industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

Krajewska‐Wędzina¹,

Weiner²,

Anusz³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB, bovine TB) is caused by mycobacteria which are grouped within the MTBC. TB in animals is a highly infectious and progressive disease which can be transmitted to humans. Since 2009, Poland has gained official bTB-free status. Despite the official fact of bTB-free status, a dozen bTB outbreaks are still noted each year. Since 2000 in Poland, every year 1/5 of the national herd is subject to intradermal skin TB testing to control the bTB outbreaks in the cattle population. Application, with 5-year intervals between each government-funded skin test, undoubtedly resulted in financial savings. However it also seems to have caused several adverse and worrying events, e.g. an increase in the number of reactors detected and removed from a single tested herd. The objective of this study was the examination of 898 cattle imputed with bTB infection in Poland between 2008-2012. Materials and method. The study concerned a potential epidemic outbreak with suspected bTB transmission. 20 cows came from 3 herds in the same county located in the same province in southern Poland. Results. 134 MTBC strains were identified. In MIRU-VNTR, all isolates showed the same genetic pattern 322532243421232. Based on molecular investigation, the characteristics of M. bovis strains isolated from cattle from 3 different herds confirmed the common source of this zoonotic disease. Conclusions. Although not bacteriologically proven, everything points to the fact that humans were the vector of bovine tuberculosis transmission between herds. This finding confirms transmission between 3 cattle herds in the Małopolskie Province in southern Poland (Podhale). The outbreak of tuberculosis in animals finally compromised public health.

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Ante-mortem and post-mortem tuberculosis diagnostics in three European Bison from the enclosure in Bukowiec in the Bieszczady National Park in Poland

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Epidemiological characterization of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated from wildlife in the Bieszczady Mountains, on the border of Southeast Poland

Epidemiological characterization of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated from wildlife in the Bieszczady Mountains, on the border of Southeast Poland

Biopsy and Tracheobronchial Aspirates as Additional Tools for the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Living European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

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