Antecedent soil moisture conditions of different soil types in South‐western Ontario, Canada

Nishat, Shazia; Guo, Yiping; Baetz, Brian W.

doi:10.1002/hyp.7647

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…As reported by others (Lee et al, ; Pitt, Chen, Clark, Swenson, & Ong, ), the soil texture may not characterize well the actual infiltration in swales because of variations in individual textural classes and spatial variability of soil characteristics within the studied facilities. In our study, K s estimated from the soil texture were about twice as large as those estimated from swale hydrographs in Swale 1, but smaller (by a factor of 0.6) in Swale 2, when compared with averages of the corresponding soil texture class (Nishat et al, ). Such discrepancies can be explained by the presence of thawing–freezing cycles (contributing to enhanced infiltration), macropores resulting from biological activity, or maintenance, as also suggested by other authors (Ahmed et al, ; García‐Serrana, Gulliver, & Nieber, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Depending on the relative magnitude of the total inflow and hydrologic abstractions, there may be no outflow from the swale (i.e., the inflow fully infiltrates), or there is an outflow in the form of saturation excess flow (Dunne & Leopold, ). Besides rainfall characteristics, the swale hydrology is affected by the channel geometry, vegetation, and depressions (or check dams; Davis et al, ); by the saturated hydraulic conductivity K s of swale soils (Ahmed, Gulliver, & Nieber, ); and by the antecedent wetness (Nishat, Guo, & Baetz, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of initial soil moisture conditions on swale flow hydrographs

Rujner

Maršálek

Perttu

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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The effects of soil water content (SWC) on the formation of run‐off in grass swales draining into a storm sewer system were studied in two 30‐m test swales with trapezoidal cross sections. Swale 1 was built in a loamy fine‐sand soil, on a slope of 1.5%, and Swale 2 was built in a sandy loam soil, on a slope of 0.7%. In experimental runs, the swales were irrigated with 2 flow rates reproducing run‐off from block rainfalls with intensities approximately corresponding to 2‐month and 3‐year events. Run‐off experiments were conducted for initial SWC (SWCini) ranging from 0.18 to 0.43 m3/m3. For low SWCini, the run‐off volume was greatly reduced by up to 82%, but at high SWCini, the volume reduction was as low as 15%. The relative swale flow volume reductions decreased with increasing SWCini and, for the conditions studied, indicated a transition of the dominating swale functions from run‐off dissipation to conveyance. Run‐off flow peaks were reduced proportionally to the flow volume reductions, in the range from 4% to 55%. The swale outflow hydrograph lag times varied from 5 to 15 min, with the high values corresponding to low SWCini. Analysis of swale inflow/outflow hydrographs for high SWCini allowed estimations of the saturated hydraulic conductivities as 3.27 and 4.84 cm/hr in Swales 1 and 2, respectively. Such estimates differed from averages (N = 9) of double‐ring infiltrometer measurements (9.41 and 1.78 cm/hr). Irregularities in swale bottom slopes created bottom surface depression storage of 0.35 and 0.61 m3 for Swales 1 and 2, respectively, and functioned similarly as check berms contributing to run‐off attenuation. The experimental findings offer implications for drainage swale planning and design: (a) SWCini strongly affect swale functioning in run‐off dissipation and conveyance during the early phase of run‐off, which is particularly important for design storms and their antecedent moisture conditions, and (b) concerning the longevity of swale operation, Swale 1 remains fully functional even after almost 60 years of operation, as judged from its attractive appearance, good infiltration rates (3.27 cm/hr), and high flow capacity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of initial soil moisture conditions on swale flow hydrographs

Rujner

Maršálek

Perttu

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…These results indicate that each study area has a spatial heterogeneity of land surface characteristics. The amount of soil moisture is influenced by differences in the infiltration capacity according to the surface soil properties and land cover [43,44]. Chaney et al [45] noted that the topography, land cover, and soil properties are the main drivers of spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture, and soil moisture variability is attributed to the complex interactions between the drivers of heterogeneity.…”

Section: Validation Of Remotely Sensed Soil Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal T value was determined for a T 1 to 150 days, and optimal T value for sites YP, HS, AD, CJ, and IS was estimated as 45, 64, 59, 100, and 59 days, respectively; the optimal T value for site CW was estimated as three days. According to previous studies [10,44,47], the optimal T value ranges from 30 to 90 days. In Figure 3, T was set to range from 1 to 60 days because it is difficult to explain that remotely sensed soil moisture before two months (60 days) can affect to the infiltration of the next rainfall events.…”

Section: Proxy Variables Of Iwcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Initial Wetness Condition Framework of an Event-Based Rainfall–Runoff Model Using Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture

Sunwoo

Choi

2017

Water

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Abstract:Runoff prediction in limited-data areas is vital for hydrological applications, such as the design of infrastructure and flood defenses, runoff forecasting, and water management. Rainfall-runoff models may be useful for simulation of runoff generation, particularly event-based models, which offer a practical modeling scheme because of their simplicity. However, there is a need to reduce the uncertainties related to the estimation of the initial wetness condition (IWC) prior to a rainfall event. Soil moisture is one of the most important variables in rainfall-runoff modeling, and remotely sensed soil moisture is recognized as an effective way to improve the accuracy of runoff prediction. In this study, the IWC was evaluated based on remotely sensed soil moisture by using the Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method, which is one of the representative event-based models used for reducing the uncertainty of runoff prediction. Four proxy variables for the IWC were determined from the measurements of total rainfall depth (API 5 ), ground-based soil moisture (SSM insitu ), remotely sensed surface soil moisture (SSM), and soil water index (SWI) provided by the advanced scatterometer (ASCAT). To obtain a robust IWC framework, this study consists of two main parts: the validation of remotely sensed soil moisture, and the evaluation of runoff prediction using four proxy variables with a set of rainfall-runoff events in the East Asian monsoon region. The results showed an acceptable agreement between remotely sensed soil moisture (SSM and SWI) and ground based soil moisture data (SSM insitu ). In the proxy variable analysis, the SWI indicated the optimal value among the proposed proxy variables. In the runoff prediction analysis considering various infiltration conditions, the SSM and SWI proxy variables significantly reduced the runoff prediction error as compared with API 5 by 60% and 66%, respectively. Moreover, the proposed IWC framework with remotely sensed soil moisture indicates an improved Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency from 0.48 to 0.74 for the four catchments in the Korean Peninsula. It can be concluded that the SCS-CN method extended with remotely sensed soil moisture for reducing uncertainty in the runoff prediction and the proxy variables obtained from the soil moisture data provided by the ASCAT can be useful in enhancing the accuracy of runoff prediction over a range of spatial scales.

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“…() performed some simplified numerical and theoretical experiments to clarify the relationship between the Q p return periods obtained by the two methods, while Nishat et al . () investigated the role of the antecedent soil moisture condition in the event‐based approach. To evaluate the performance of five design hyetographs, Alfieri et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design hydrograph estimation in small and ungauged watersheds: continuous simulation method versus event‐based approach

Grimaldi

Petroselli

Serinaldi

2012

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The proper assessment of design hydrographs and their main properties (peak, volume and duration) in small and ungauged basins is a key point of many hydrological applications. In general, two types of methods can be used to evaluate the design hydrograph: one approach is based on the statistics of storm events, while the other relies on continuously simulating rainfall-runoff time series. In the first class of methods, the design hydrograph is obtained by applying a rainfall-runoff model to a design hyetograph that synthesises the storm event. In the second approach, the design hydrograph is quantified by analysing long synthetic runoff time series that are obtained by transforming synthetic rainfall sequences through a rainfall-runoff model. These simulation-based procedures overcome some of the unrealistic hypotheses which characterize the event-based approaches. In this paper, a simulation experiment is carried out to examine the differences between the two types of methods in terms of the design hydrograph's peak, volume and duration. The results conclude that the continuous simulation methods are preferable because the event-based approaches tend to underestimate the hydrograph's volume and duration.

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Antecedent soil moisture conditions of different soil types in South‐western Ontario, Canada

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

The effects of initial soil moisture conditions on swale flow hydrographs

The effects of initial soil moisture conditions on swale flow hydrographs

Robust Initial Wetness Condition Framework of an Event-Based Rainfall–Runoff Model Using Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture

Design hydrograph estimation in small and ungauged watersheds: continuous simulation method versus event‐based approach

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