Antecedents and consequences of cyberloafing: Evidence from the Malaysian
                        ICT industry

Koay, Kian Yeik; Soh, Patrick Chin–Hooi; Chew, Kok Wai

doi:10.5210/fm.v22i3.7302

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Managers may find it possible to stop their employees from crossing from one domain into another through cyberloafing via implementation of various countermeasures. This may include enforcing internet usage policies, imposing punishments and investing in internet monitoring systems (Koay et al, 2017). Companies can also issue a warning letter to employees who constantly cyberloaf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interested researchers have attempted to test for different antecedents of cyberloafing to understand phenomenon, which are broadly categorized into personal and organizational factors. Personal factors significantly related to behaviour include procrastination (O'Neill et al, 2014), conscientiousness (Jia et al, 2013), habit (Koay et al, 2017), internet addiction (Chen et al, 2008), attitude towards it (Askew et al, 2014), sleeping habits (Wagner et al, 2012) and boredom (Eastin et al, 2007). Meanwhile, associated organizational factors displaying significant influence consist of internet monitoring systems (Moody and Siponen, 2013), internet usage policies (Jia et al, 2013), perceived justice (Lim, 2002), punishment (Lara et al, 2006), denial of responsibility (Lee et al, 2007), managerial supervision (Seymour and Nadasen, 2007), job creativity (Vitak et al, 2011) and empowering leadership (Andreassen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress

Koay

Soh

Chew

2017

MRR

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Purpose Cyberloafing has been reported as a prevalent practice among employees and has been called the hidden epidemic killing business productivity. Given the importance of this issue, this study aims to propose and empirically test a research model to investigate the relationships between private demands, job stress and cyberloafing, premised on border theory, conservation of resources theory and general strain theory. Design/methodology/approach A total of 301 usable data were collected from employees who work in the ICT sector, using self-reported questionnaires that are subsequently analysed using Partial Least Square (PLS) structural equation modelling. Findings The results of this study have revealed that both private demands and job stress are positively related to cyberloafing. In addition, job stress is positively related to private demands and also partially mediates the relationship between private demands and cyberloafing. Therefore, the findings are suggestive of employee’s job resources being depleted when they cross between work and non-work domains as they attempt to satisfy their private demands. As a result, insufficient job resources channelled towards handling job-related demands results in job stress, followed by their engagement in cyberloafing behaviour as a coping mechanism. Originality/value The main theoretical contribution of this research is to expand upon the existing knowledge of the relationship between private demands and cyberloafing by demonstrating the mediating effect of job stress. Interestingly, the findings revealed that employees’ non-work domain can have a significant influence on both emotions and behaviours at work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress

Koay

Soh

Chew

2017

MRR

Self Cite

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“…The rising trend of cyberloafing among employees in modern workplaces has rendered it a problematic organisational issue as an excessive amount of time are squandered on non-work-related online activities (Ugrin and Pearson, 2013;Koay et al, 2017a). Some scholars cyberloafing behaviour as a means to avert ostracism in the workplace in order to protect and regain their personal resources, and to alleviate emotional exhaustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace ostracism and cyberloafing: a moderated–mediation model

Koay

2018

INTR

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Purpose This purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between workplace ostracism and cyberloafing, based on the premise of conservation of resources theory. Emotional exhaustion is tested as a mediator between workplace ostracism and cyberloafing, whereas facilitating conditions are predicted as a moderator that influences employees’ reaction to ostracism. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected via the online platform Amazon Mechanical Turk. Partial least squares analysis, a variance-based structural equation modelling, was utilised to verify the research model. Findings The results show that both workplace ostracism and emotional exhaustion have a significant positive relationship with cyberloafing. Likewise, emotional exhaustion partially mediates the relationship between workplace ostracism and cyberloafing. Interestingly, facilitating conditions do not moderate the emotional exhaustion–cyberloafing relationship but do moderate the ostracism–cyberloafing relationship. Counterintuitively, the relationship between workplace ostracism and cyberloafing becomes stronger when facilitating conditions are high. A post hoc analysis has been conducted using PROCESS Macro to test the conditional indirect effect but was found not significant. Originality/value Previous studies have revealed the association between workplace ostracism with various negative work behaviours, such as knowledge hiding, knowledge hoarding and counterproductive work behaviours. This study has successfully identified that workplace ostracism can also result in cyberloafing, which has not been delved into previous works. This has subsequently provided managers with new perspectives regarding why employees engage in non-work-related online activities at work.

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“…Unless other key considerations prevent employees from engaging in their habitual NWRC behavior (e.g., a severe internet use policy, electronic surveillance) habit can be a powerful predictor of NWRC. In addition, prior work has provided empirical evidence that habit is a key driver generating NWRC behavior (Koay et al, 2017;Moody & Siponen, 2013;Pee et al, Employees tend to make a lot of effort to engage in NWRC with prudence. Self-aware Employees tend to make a decision on whether they will continue their NWRC or not.…”

Section: Research Model and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Two Minds of Non-Work-Related Computing in the Workplace

2021

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As information technology (IT) advances and grows in its capabilities, employees are willing to find even more novel ways to fulfill non-work purposes while at work. Non-work-related computing (NWRC), defined as employees’ non-sanctioned personal use of the IT resources in their workplace, has attracted a fair amount of attention. In order to understand why NWRC behavior often occurs, this study adopted a dual approach considering two aspects of human nature: automatic and reflective decision-making systems. Drawing on dual thinking processes, our study aims to examine the relationships among the following: habit as a trigger of automatic thinking, neutralization as a trigger of reflective thinking, and employees’ NWRC behavior in the workplace. Our model posits that employees’ NWRC is influenced by both habit and neutralization. Survey data collected from 176 employees of several banks in Mongolia were used to test our model by using partial least squares analysis. This study found that both habit and neutralization have significant impacts on NWRC. By conducting mediated regression techniques, we also found that neutralization partially mediates the relationship between habit/neutralization and NWRC. In addition to identifying the mediating role of neutralization, the results imply that it is important to prevent NWRC from becoming habitual and to make employees internalize the importance of compliance with internet use policy.

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Antecedents and consequences of cyberloafing: Evidence from the Malaysian ICT industry

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress

Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress

Workplace ostracism and cyberloafing: a moderated–mediation model

The Two Minds of Non-Work-Related Computing in the Workplace

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