“…In the theoretical studies, social exchange theory is the most preferred framework for investigating residents’ attitudes towards tourism development, followed by social representation theory, institutional theory and bottom-up spillover theory (Hadinejad et al , 2019). Overall, whether atheoretical or theoretical, the main purpose of these studies on residents’ BI was to explore the influencing factors, including attitudes towards tourism (Martín et al , 2017; Shen et al , 2019; Ribeiro et al , 2017), perceived impacts (Hammad et al , 2017; Nazneen et al , 2019; Papastathopoulos et al , 2019), local economy and personal benefit (Garau-Vadell et al , 2019; Ribeiro et al , 2017), community satisfaction (Gursoy et al , 2019), emotion (Zheng et al , 2019), image (Kang, 2019) and community participation (Boonsiritomachai and Phonthanukitithaworn, 2019).…”