Antegrade long giant ileocolic intussusception via colon–cecum cancer lead points: case report with focus on the sign of the python colon

Abstract

Background Ileocolic intussusception is a rare condition that is difficult to diagnose. A pathological lead point, usually malignant, is often the cause of adult intussusception. In emergency scenarios, radiologists must be able to identify this entity and its causes and express their opinions on associated complications. Case presentation The hospital's emergency room admitted a 75-year-old woman who was suffering from intermittent abdominal pain and constipation. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a long giant ileocolic intussusception. Considering the clinical stability and the absence of signs of complications on CT, the patient did not undergo an urgent surgical procedure but underwent a colonoscopy the following day. Surprisingly, the colonoscopy highlighted the spontaneous resolution and revealed the presence of the three tumour lead points in the cecum and ascending colon. A CT was performed after the colonoscopy, confirming the intussusception's resolution. The surgeon performed a right oncological hemicolectomy. The malignant lead points on histological examination were moderate to poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Conclusions A giant and long ileocolic intussusception with a long embedded visceral segment (the python colon sign) could suggest pathological lead points in the cecum and ascending colon. Despite the large size, a spontaneous resolution of the python colon is possible. In this scenario, even if, on imaging, it is impossible to macroscopically identify a lead point, in cases of giant and long ileocolic intussusceptions, every effort must be undertaken to search for the cause of the intussusception.