Antenatal tests in the diagnosis and assessment of severity of haemolytic disease (hd) of
the fetus and newborn (hdn).

Contreras, Marcela

doi:10.1159/000462735

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to maternal antibody to KELl is infrequent but the in cidence of anti-KELl in obstetric patients is about 0.1% [50,51], Although there is some disagreement as to the severity of anti-KELl hemolytic disease [52], mainly due to the in ability of relating antibody titers [53] or amniotic bilirubin levels [54] to HDN, maternal antibodies to KELl along with anti-D and anti-c are a significant cause of HDN [52,53,[55][56][57][58]. Recent studies suggest that, unlike anti-D [59], fetal anemia caused by KELl antibodies may involve suppression of erythropoiesis rather than hemolysis [60][61][62].…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis of Kell Blood Group Phenotypes

Lee¹

1997

Vox Sanguinis

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The molecular basis of different Kell blood group phenotypes is reviewed. Sequence analysis of the Kell gene (KEL) established that single base substitutions, resulting in amino acid changes, are responsible for the different phenotypes. Most of the amino acid substitutions, with the exception of the one responsible for expression of KEL6 (Js^a), occur at the amino-terminal half of the protein, a domain that has least amino acid homology with a family of zinc endopeptidases, which include neutral endopeptidase 24.11 and endothelin-converting enzyme-1. Some of the genes were expressed in transfected cells and typed with alloantibodies to confirm that the identified mutations are responsible for antigen expression. Clinical applications of Kell blood group genotyping which include prenatal diagnosis to monitor hemolytic disease of the newborn are discussed.

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Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis of Kell Blood Group Phenotypes

Lee¹

1997

Vox Sanguinis

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“…The result of the gel test should be an important part of blood testing for auto-antibodies in transplant screening tests and blood transfusion services [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of the Reactivity of Coombs Sera with Igg-Sensitized Human Erythrocytes by Streptococcal Protein-G (Spg)

Vaillant¹,

Smikle²,

Mohammed³

2018

Immunome Res

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Streptococcal protein-G (SpG), type III bacterial Fc receptor, is a small globular protein produced by several Streptococcal species and it is composed of two or three nearly identical domains, each of 55 amino acids. Streptococcal protein G has been shown to have high binding affinity to sera from various mammalian species including rabbit, human, pig, goat, sheep, cow and many other animal species. Of concern are patients with invasive infections by Streptococcus spp, where large amount of secreted SpG could interfere with the outcome of the gel technique by getting false negative tests. It has been shown and reported that the bacterial protein SpA was already found to inhibit the Coomb's test. We hypothesize that SpG as well as many other immunoglobulin-binding bacterial proteins with binding affinity to human IgG could cause false negative results in patients with bacteraemia. With the intention of proving this hypothesis we conducted two sets of experiments, which proved that SpG has the potential of inhibiting the gel test for the detection of sensitized erythrocytes in vitro. We concluded that is important to exercise caution, when evaluating a result of gel technique in patients with septicemia caused by SpG-producer Streptococci. The experiments used in this research were novel modifications of existent techniques and they proved reliable in demonstrating our hypothesis.

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“…Many qualitative studies have been reported which con clude that IgGl or IgG3 antibodies cause the most severe HDN [4,13,15,16], Other investigators claim that those an tibodies composed of both IgGl and IgG3 cause the most severe HDN [2,7]. Inherent to the IgGl plus IgG3 group is a confounding aspect -which subclass is most prominent?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Assay for Subclassing IgG Alloantibodies Implicated in Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Thomas¹,

Shirey²,

Kickler³

1995

Vox Sanguinis

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Traditionally, IgG subclassing has been performed using qualitative assays. Quantitation of IgG subclasses may have prognostic value in evaluating alloim- munized pregnancies. A quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was implemented for measuring IgG subclasses of red blood cell (RBC) antibodies (AB) isolated by adsorption/elution from the sera of alloimmunized pregnant women. The assay is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies specific for the relevant IgG subclasses and anti-human IgG peroxidase conjugate to quantitate the amount of bound IgG. The sensitivities of the assay for IgG1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, were 4,23,4 and 2 µg/l. The results for each subclass for a given AB were expressed as a percentage of the total. In a series of pregnant mothers with ABs: E (4), Fy^a (2), Jk^a (1) and S (1), the mean percentage ± 1SD of each subclass was; IgGl 61 ±34; IgG2 14±22; IgG3 18±28 and IgG4 4±17. IgGl or IgG3 accounted for greater than 50% of the AB subclass distribution in 5 cases that resulted in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Although only a small number of samples was studied, changes in the concentrations of IgGl or IgG3 during gestation suggest a correlation with the presence or absence of HDN. The ELISA may be used to quantitate the IgG subclasses of RBC ABs and may be valuable in predicting the severity of HDN in alloimmunized pregnancies.

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Antenatal tests in the diagnosis and assessment of severity of haemolytic disease (hd) of the fetus and newborn (hdn).

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Molecular Basis of Kell Blood Group Phenotypes

Molecular Basis of Kell Blood Group Phenotypes

Inhibition of the Reactivity of Coombs Sera with Igg-Sensitized Human Erythrocytes by Streptococcal Protein-G (Spg)

A Quantitative Assay for Subclassing IgG Alloantibodies Implicated in Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

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