Antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of occipital meningoencephalocele-A case report

Chougule, SR; Desai, SM; Aironi, VD

doi:10.4103/0971-3026.32349

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Occipital encephaloceles can be diagnosed on ultrasound from about nine weeks. After cranial ossi ication at ten weeks, the skull defect and occipital sac can also be demonstrated, and in 30% 0f cases associated Spina bi ida seen (Chougule et al, 2006), and almost up to 80% of meningoencephaloceles are detected during 1 st trimester by Ultrasonography and by 2 nd trimester almost all cases are identiied (Liao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Occipital Meningio-Encephalocele- An Interesting Case Report

Ramakrishnan

Govisetty

Nagendran

et al. 2020

ijrps

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Meningo encephalocele is a congenital anomaly and is a neural tube defect with occipital meningo encephalocele being the most common and is a result of a failure of the surface ectoderm to separate from the neuroectoderm. This condition can be identified in 1st trimester in 80% of cases and almost all by 2nd trimester. A 20-year-old third gravida was referred for antenatal Ultrasonography at five months of amenorrhoea to rule out fetal anomalies. On targeted imaging, for fetal anomalies, a defect was seen in occipital bone with herniation of posterior fossa contents with overlying meningeal covering. No other fetal anomalies were noted. A diagnosis of isolated occipital meningoencephalocele was made with additional fetal MRI correlation. The mother underwent termination of her pregnancy by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology because of the grim fetal prognosis. The mother was advised to plan the subsequent pregnancies and was advised pre-conceptional folic acid supplementation. We present a case of isolated occipital meningoencephalocele- a rare congenital anomaly which was diagnosed prenatally in our hospital. This case provides an opportunity for identifying such neurological defects early and prompt termination of pregnancy to prevent comorbidity to mother. This study also helps to establish occipital meninigioencephalocele as an isolated clinicoradiological diagnosis and to distinguish it from syndrome associated occipital meninigioencephalocele or those associated with other neural tube defects like Chiari III malformations. It also allows us to stress once again the role of periconceptional folic acid in preventing the occurrence of neural tube defects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Occipital Meningio-Encephalocele- An Interesting Case Report

Ramakrishnan

Govisetty

Nagendran

et al. 2020

ijrps

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“…No que se refere ao diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de meningocele e meningoencefalocele, embora ele seja bem descrito na medicina [7,8,12,28,29], não é rotineiro na veterinária nos casos de malformações em animais de produção [10,18,21] e inexistem descrições ultrassonográficas desses casos em suínos, sendo as primeiras aqui relatadas.…”

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Meningocele and Meningoencephalocele in Piglets: Pathologic and Imaging Aspects

Sousa

Oliveira

Muramoto

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Meningocele and meningoencephalocele are rare congenital deformities characterized by herniation of the meninges and of the meninges and brain tissue through a bone defect in the skull (cranioschisis), respectively. Descriptions of these malformations in pigs are scarce in the international literature and non-existent in Brazil, with only one case of cranioschisis with brain exposure (without protrusion of the meninges and covered by skin) reported to date. Here, we report a case of meningocele and another of meningoencephalocele in piglets in the state of Bahia and describe the main related anatomopathological and imaging characteristics (radiographic and ultrasonographic).Case: The congenital malformations occurred in newborn piglets from a farm located in the city of Catu, Bahia, Brazil, which presented with an evident large saccular area positioned dorsally to the head. The animals died 48 h after birth and were referred to the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of the Federal University of Bahia, for the studies and diagnostic conclusion. Postmortem ultrasound examinations showed that the region was filled with fluid and associated with a small brain protrusion in case 1 and a defect in the skull bone, which had its orifice dimensions estimated. Despite the superimposition of structures, the skull malformation was identified on radiographic examination (case 1) and measured on ultrasonographic examination (cases 1 and 2). During necropsy, the piglets presented with a marked marked bulge of saccular appearance under the skin in the frontal region. The saccular formation was floating, internally covered by dura mater and filled with reddish serous liquid (liquor).Discussion: The diagnoses of meningoencephalocele and meningocele in newborn piglets were established based on morphological changes identified on ultrasound and necropsy. Although the ultrasound diagnosis of meningocele and meningoencephalocele are routinely made in human medicine, they are still limited in veterinary medicine in cases of malformations in production animals, with no case report in pigs. A Brazilian textbook on pig diseases cites these diseases among the main malformations that affect this species, although data on epidemiology and anatomopathological and imaging findings are not described, which highlights the importance of this study. As for the etiology of these malformations, the occurrence of two cases in piglets from the same farm in the present report may suggest the presence of genetic factors. The confirmation that inbreeding is common at farms where the cases occurred, and absence of herd renewal since 2014 (continuous use of the same breeders), reinforced this hypothesis, since inbreeding results in serious reproductive and productive disorders due to increased homozygosis and, consequently, due to the frequency of genotypes with recessive genes that cause various malformations in animals. This fact reinforces the need to make producers aware of the importance of avoiding inbreeding and the use of breeders that have generated malformed piglets to reduce the frequency of malformations. Additional studies on congenital malformations in pigs in Brazil are necessary because of the scarcity of existing data, particularly regarding the etiology and anatomopathological and imaging characteristics of these diseases.

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Encephalocele

Mansoor,

Ameer

2024

Congenital Brain Malformations

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Antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of occipital meningoencephalocele-A case report

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prenatal Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Occipital Meningio-Encephalocele- An Interesting Case Report

Prenatal Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Occipital Meningio-Encephalocele- An Interesting Case Report

Meningocele and Meningoencephalocele in Piglets: Pathologic and Imaging Aspects

Encephalocele

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